PMID- 22871833
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121030
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1552-5783 (Electronic)
IS  - 0146-0404 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 9
DP  - 2012 Aug 27
TI  - Increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 
      and correlation with VEGF and inflammatory cytokines.
PG  - 5906-11
LID - 10.1167/iovs.12-10410 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: We determined vitreous levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), VEGF, and 15 
      other cytokines in diabetic and nondiabetic patients undergoing vitrectomy. 
      METHODS: Of 26 eyes of 26 patients enrolled consecutively, 13 eyes underwent 
      vitrectomy for complications related to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and 
      the other 13 for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, vitreous opacities, or 
      dislocated intraocular lens. Undiluted vitreous samples were taken at the time of 
      surgery and frozen immediately at -80 degrees C, and later analyzed for PGE(2), VEGF, and 
      15 other cytokines. RESULTS: PGE(2) levels were 53% higher in diabetic eyes. Mean 
      +/- standard deviation PGE(2) levels were 25.11 +/- 11 pg/mL and 16.40 +/- 7 pg/mL in 
      diabetic and nondiabetic eyes, respectively (P < 0.03). Mean +/- standard deviation 
      VEGF levels were 2225 +/- 3798 pg/mL and 66 +/- 185 pg/mL in diabetic and nondiabetic 
      eyes, respectively (P < 0.001). Other cytokines, including eotaxin-1, growth 
      related oncogene (GRO), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interferon-gamma-inducible protein 
      of 10 kDa (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis 
      factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and platelet-derived growth factor-AA, also were elevated 
      significantly in diabetic eyes. A significant correlation was seen between PGE(2) 
      levels and IP-10 and VEGF (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: PGE(2) levels are 
      significantly higher in the vitreous of patients with complications from 
      proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and correlate with IP-10 and VEGF. The 
      results of our study suggest that PGE(2) may have a pathogenic role in diabetic 
      retinopathy and implicates a potential therapeutic role for nonsteroidal 
      anti-inflammatory drugs. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01609881.).
FAU - Schoenberger, Scott D
AU  - Schoenberger SD
AD  - Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 
      Tennessee 37232, USA.
FAU - Kim, Stephen J
AU  - Kim SJ
FAU - Sheng, Jinsong
AU  - Sheng J
FAU - Rezaei, Kasra A
AU  - Rezaei KA
FAU - Lalezary, Maziar
AU  - Lalezary M
FAU - Cherney, Edward
AU  - Cherney E
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01609881
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120827
PL  - United States
TA  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
JT  - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
JID - 7703701
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A)
RN  - K7Q1JQR04M (Dinoprostone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Diabetic Retinopathy/*metabolism/surgery
MH  - Dinoprostone/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*metabolism
MH  - Vitrectomy
MH  - Vitreous Body/metabolism
EDAT- 2012/08/09 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/31 06:00
CRDT- 2012/08/09 06:00
PHST- 2012/08/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/08/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - iovs.12-10410 [pii]
AID - 10.1167/iovs.12-10410 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Aug 27;53(9):5906-11. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10410.