PMID- 22888487
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130212
LR  - 20130615
IS  - 0300-0729 (Print)
IS  - 0300-0729 (Linking)
VI  - 50
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Sep
TI  - Nasal dysfunction induced by chlorinate water in competitive swimmers.
PG  - 294-8
LID - 10.4193/Rhino11.024 [doi]
AB  - AIMS: Swimmers commonly complain of nasal symptoms probably due to mucosal 
      irritation caused by chlorinated water. The aim of the present prospective study 
      was to investigate changes in nasal function and cytology in a cohort of 15 
      volunteer competitive swimmers, as compared with a control group of 15 
      competitive athletes practicing other sports. METHODS: Olfactory threshold for 
      n-butanol was measured in a population of competitive swimmers. Changes in nasal 
      function and cytology were compared between the two groups of volunteer 
      competitive athletes. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the 
      two groups in terms of mean 20-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test scores, peak nasal 
      inspiratory flow, pulmonary peak expiratory flow, or total nasal resistance on 
      anterior active rhinomanometry. Nasal mucociliary transport time (MCTt) was 
      significantly shorter for the non-swimmers than for the swimmers. The mean 
      olfactory threshold for n-butanol in the swimmers was significantly lower than in 
      the other group of athletes. CONCLUSIONS: Data seem to confirm the utility of 
      MCTt in studying nasal mucosa damage caused by chlorinated water. The present 
      results also support the hypothesis of a role for the olfactory threshold in 
      evaluating damage to the olfactory mucosa exposed to chlorinated water.
FAU - Ottaviano, G
AU  - Ottaviano G
AD  - Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. 
      giancarlo.ottaviano@unipd.it
FAU - Staffieri, A
AU  - Staffieri A
FAU - Stritoni, P
AU  - Stritoni P
FAU - Ermolao, A
AU  - Ermolao A
FAU - Coles, S
AU  - Coles S
FAU - Zaccaria, M
AU  - Zaccaria M
FAU - Marioni, G
AU  - Marioni G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Rhinology
JT  - Rhinology
JID - 0347242
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - *Halogenation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Mucociliary Clearance/physiology
MH  - Nasal Mucosa/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Nose Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology
MH  - Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis/*etiology
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology
MH  - *Swimming
MH  - Swimming Pools
MH  - *Water Purification
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2012/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/13 06:00
CRDT- 2012/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2012/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1094 [pii]
AID - 10.4193/Rhino11.024 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rhinology. 2012 Sep;50(3):294-8. doi: 10.4193/Rhino11.024.