PMID- 22895852
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130128
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1539-0829 (Electronic)
IS  - 1534-4827 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 Oct
TI  - Influence of type 1 diabetes genes on disease progression: similarities and 
      differences between countries.
PG  - 447-55
LID - 10.1007/s11892-012-0310-7 [doi]
AB  - Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease causing the destruction of 
      pancreatic beta cells. The onset of clinical T1D is preceded by a time period 
      called pre-diabetes, the duration of which varies widely. However, not all 
      subjects developing beta-cell autoimmunity progress to clinical T1D. The 
      inherited risk for T1D is determined by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class 
      II genes, HLA class I genes, and several loci outside the HLA area. Although the 
      role of the genetic risk variants in disease pathogenesis is not completely 
      understood, some of the variants affecting disease risk are thought to influence 
      the initiation of beta-cell autoimmunity whereas others seem to play a role 
      during the later stages of the autoimmune process. In this review we describe the 
      current knowledge on the genetic factors mediating the fate of 
      already-established beta-cell autoimmunity and the rate of beta-cell destruction.
FAU - Lempainen, Johanna
AU  - Lempainen J
AD  - Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistokatu 6A, 20520, Turku, 
      Finland. johanna.lempainen@utu.fi
FAU - Ilonen, Jorma
AU  - Ilonen J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Diab Rep
JT  - Current diabetes reports
JID - 101093791
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.48 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
MH  - HLA Antigens/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22/genetics/metabolism
EDAT- 2012/08/17 06:00
MHDA- 2013/01/29 06:00
CRDT- 2012/08/17 06:00
PHST- 2012/08/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/08/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/01/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11892-012-0310-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Diab Rep. 2012 Oct;12(5):447-55. doi: 10.1007/s11892-012-0310-7.