PMID- 22908109
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121109
LR  - 20240322
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Print)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 130
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Sep
TI  - One-year outcomes of prenatal exposure to MDMA and other recreational drugs.
PG  - 407-13
LID - 10.1542/peds.2012-0666 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: A widely used illicit recreational drug among young adults, 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy, is an indirect monoaminergic 
      agonist/reuptake inhibitor affecting the serotonin system. Preclinical studies 
      found prenatal exposure related to long-term learning and memory impairments. 
      There are no studies of sequelae of prenatal MDMA exposure in humans, despite 
      potential harmful effects to the fetus. METHODS: A total of 96 women in the 
      United Kingdom (28 MDMA users; 68 non-MDMA) were interviewed about recreational 
      drug use during pregnancy. Their infants were seen at 12 months using 
      standardized assessments of cognitive, language, and motor development (Preschool 
      Language Scale, Bayley Mental and Motor Development and Behavior Rating Scales 
      [Mental Development Index, Psychomotor Development Index, Behavioral Rating 
      Scale]). Mothers completed the Child Domain Scale of the Parenting Stress Index, 
      The Home Observation of the Environment Scale (in interview), the Brief Symptom 
      Inventory, and the Drug Abuse Screening Test. Women were primarily middle class 
      with some university education, in stable partner relationships, and polydrug 
      users. MDMA and other drug effects were assessed through multiple regression 
      analyses controlling for confounding variables, and analysis of covariance 
      comparing heavier versus lighter and nonexposed groups. RESULTS: Amount of 
      prenatal MDMA exposure predicted poorer infant mental and motor development at 12 
      months in a dose-dependent manner. Heavily exposed infants were delayed in motor 
      development. Lighter-exposed infants were comparable to nonexposed infants. There 
      were no effects on language, emotional regulation, or parenting stress. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Findings document persistent neurotoxic effects of heavier prenatal 
      MDMA exposure on motor development through the first year of life.
FAU - Singer, Lynn T
AU  - Singer LT
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 
      Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. lynn.singer@case.edu
FAU - Moore, Derek G
AU  - Moore DG
FAU - Min, Meeyoung O
AU  - Min MO
FAU - Goodwin, Julia
AU  - Goodwin J
FAU - Turner, John J D
AU  - Turner JJ
FAU - Fulton, Sarah
AU  - Fulton S
FAU - Parrott, Andrew C
AU  - Parrott AC
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA014910/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA14910-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20120820
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cognition/drug effects
MH  - Developmental Disabilities/*chemically induced/diagnosis
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Psychomotor Performance/drug effects
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
PMC - PMC3428761
EDAT- 2012/08/22 06:00
MHDA- 2012/11/10 06:00
PMCR- 2013/09/01
CRDT- 2012/08/22 06:00
PHST- 2012/08/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/08/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/11/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - peds.2012-0666 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2012-0666 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2012 Sep;130(3):407-13. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0666. Epub 2012 Aug 
      20.