PMID- 22928105
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120830
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 2090-1933 (Electronic)
IS  - 2090-1925 (Print)
IS  - 2090-1933 (Linking)
VI  - 2012
DP  - 2012
TI  - HLA Immune Function Genes in Autism.
PG  - 959073
LID - 10.1155/2012/959073 [doi]
LID - 959073
AB  - The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes on chromosome 6 are instrumental in many 
      innate and adaptive immune responses. The HLA genes/haplotypes can also be 
      involved in immune dysfunction and autoimmune diseases. It is now becoming 
      apparent that many of the non-antigen-presenting HLA genes make significant 
      contributions to autoimmune diseases. Interestingly, it has been reported that 
      autism subjects often have associations with HLA genes/haplotypes, suggesting an 
      underlying dysregulation of the immune system mediated by HLA genes. Genetic 
      studies have only succeeded in identifying autism-causing genes in a small number 
      of subjects suggesting that the genome has not been adequately interrogated. 
      Close examination of the HLA region in autism has been relatively ignored, 
      largely due to extraordinary genetic complexity. It is our proposition that 
      genetic polymorphisms in the HLA region, especially in the non-antigen-presenting 
      regions, may be important in the etiology of autism in certain subjects.
FAU - Torres, Anthony R
AU  - Torres AR
AD  - Center for Persons with Disabilities, Utah State University, 6804 Old Main Hill, 
      Logan, UT 84322, USA.
FAU - Westover, Jonna B
AU  - Westover JB
FAU - Rosenspire, Allen J
AU  - Rosenspire AJ
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES016669/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120215
PL  - Egypt
TA  - Autism Res Treat
JT  - Autism research and treatment
JID - 101576459
PMC - PMC3420779
EDAT- 2012/08/29 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/29 06:01
PMCR- 2012/02/15
CRDT- 2012/08/29 06:00
PHST- 2011/10/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/11/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/08/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/08/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2012/02/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2012/959073 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Autism Res Treat. 2012;2012:959073. doi: 10.1155/2012/959073. Epub 2012 Feb 15.