PMID- 22935543
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130225
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1090-2147 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-2626 (Print)
IS  - 0278-2626 (Linking)
VI  - 80
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Nov
TI  - Anterior cingulate cortex and cognitive control: neuropsychological and 
      electrophysiological findings in two patients with lesions to dorsomedial 
      prefrontal cortex.
PG  - 237-49
LID - S0278-2626(12)00108-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.008 [doi]
AB  - Whereas neuroimaging studies of healthy subjects have demonstrated an association 
      between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cognitive control functions, 
      including response monitoring and error detection, lesion studies are sparse and 
      have produced mixed results. Due to largely normal behavioral test results in two 
      patients with medial prefrontal lesions, a hypothesis has been advanced claiming 
      that the ACC is not involved in cognitive operations. In the current study, two 
      comparably rare patients with unilateral lesions to dorsal medial prefrontal 
      cortex (MPFC) encompassing the ACC were assessed with neuropsychological tests as 
      well as Event-Related Potentials in two experimental paradigms known to engage 
      prefrontal cortex (PFC). These included an auditory Novelty Oddball task and a 
      visual Stop-signal task. Both patients performed normally on the Stroop test but 
      showed reduced performance on tests of learning and memory. Moreover, altered 
      attentional control was reflected in a diminished Novelty P3, whereas the 
      posterior P3b to target stimuli was present in both patients. The error-related 
      negativity, which has been hypothesized to be generated in the ACC, was present 
      in both patients, but alterations of inhibitory behavior were observed. Although 
      interpretative caution is generally called for in single case studies, and the 
      fact that the lesions extended outside the ACC, the findings nevertheless suggest 
      a role for MPFC in cognitive control that is not restricted to error monitoring.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lovstad, M
AU  - Lovstad M
AD  - Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway. 
      Marianne.lovstad@sunnaas.no
FAU - Funderud, I
AU  - Funderud I
FAU - Meling, T
AU  - Meling T
FAU - Kramer, U M
AU  - Kramer UM
FAU - Voytek, B
AU  - Voytek B
FAU - Due-Tonnessen, P
AU  - Due-Tonnessen P
FAU - Endestad, T
AU  - Endestad T
FAU - Lindgren, M
AU  - Lindgren M
FAU - Knight, R T
AU  - Knight RT
FAU - Solbakk, A K
AU  - Solbakk AK
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 NS021135/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 NS021135/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R56 NS021135/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS21135/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120827
PL  - United States
TA  - Brain Cogn
JT  - Brain and cognition
JID - 8218014
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Attention/physiology
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/pathology/*physiopathology/psychology
MH  - Cognition/*physiology
MH  - Evoked Potentials/physiology
MH  - Executive Function/*physiology
MH  - Glioma/pathology/*physiopathology/psychology
MH  - Gyrus Cinguli/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
PMC - PMC4067454
MID - NIHMS595466
EDAT- 2012/09/01 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/26 06:00
PMCR- 2014/06/23
CRDT- 2012/09/01 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/07/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/09/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/09/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0278-2626(12)00108-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Cogn. 2012 Nov;80(2):237-49. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 
      Aug 27.