PMID- 22946487
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130702
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1476-5381 (Electronic)
IS  - 0007-1188 (Print)
IS  - 0007-1188 (Linking)
VI  - 168
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Feb
TI  - Inhibition of MDMA-induced increase in cortisol does not prevent acute impairment 
      of verbal memory.
PG  - 607-17
LID - 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02196.x [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ecstasy use is commonly linked with memory deficits in abstinent 
      ecstasy users. Similar impairments are being found during ecstasy intoxication 
      after single doses of +/- 3,4 metylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). The concordance 
      of memory impairments during intoxication and abstinence suggests a similar 
      neuropharmacological mechanism underlying acute and chronic memory impairments. 
      The mechanism underlying this impairment is to date not known. We hypothesized 
      that cortisol might play an important role in this mechanism as cortisol, 
      implicated in the regulation of memory performance, can be brought out of balance 
      by stressors like MDMA. METHODS: In the present study, we aimed to block the 
      MDMA-induced acute memory defect by giving participants a cortisol synthesis 
      inhibitor (metyrapone) together with a single dose of MDMA. Seventeen polydrug 
      MDMA users entered this placebo-controlled within subject study with four 
      treatment conditions. The treatments consisted of MDMA (75 mg) and metyrapone 
      (750 mg), alone and in combination, and double placebo. Pre-treatment with 
      metyrapone or Placebo occurred 1 h prior to MDMA or Placebo administration. 
      Memory performance was tested at peak drug concentrations by means of several 
      memory tests. Cortisol levels were determined in blood and oral fluid; this 
      served as a control measure to see whether manipulations were effective. RESULTS: 
      Main findings indicated that whereas treatment with metyrapone blocked the 
      expected MDMA-induced increase in cortisol levels in blood, it did not prevent 
      the MDMA-induced memory deficit from happening. CONCLUSION: We therefore conclude 
      that MDMA-induced increments in cortisol concentrations are not related to 
      MDMA-induced memory impairments.
CI  - (c) 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology (c) 2012 The British 
      Pharmacological Society.
FAU - Kuypers, K P C
AU  - Kuypers KP
AD  - Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & 
      Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. 
      k.kuypers@maastrichtuniversity.nl
FAU - de la Torre, R
AU  - de la Torre R
FAU - Farre, M
AU  - Farre M
FAU - Pujadas, M
AU  - Pujadas M
FAU - Ramaekers, J G
AU  - Ramaekers JG
LA  - eng
PT  - Controlled Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Pharmacol
JT  - British journal of pharmacology
JID - 7502536
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Pyridines)
RN  - 17286-92-9 (metapyrone)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Amphetamine-Related Disorders/complications/*metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocortisone/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Memory/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Memory Disorders/chemically induced/*metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Pyridines/pharmacology
MH  - Saliva/chemistry
MH  - Task Performance and Analysis
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3579237
EDAT- 2012/09/06 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/03 06:00
PMCR- 2014/02/01
CRDT- 2012/09/06 06:00
PHST- 2012/04/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/07/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/08/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/09/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/09/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02196.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Feb;168(3):607-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02196.x.