PMID- 22953780
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130904
LR  - 20240324
IS  - 1547-6901 (Electronic)
IS  - 1547-691X (Print)
IS  - 1547-691X (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Jan-Mar
TI  - Immunotoxicity and allergic potential induced by topical application of dimethyl 
      carbonate (DMC) in a murine model.
PG  - 59-66
LID - 10.3109/1547691X.2012.691124 [doi]
AB  - Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an industrial chemical, used as a paint and adhesive 
      solvent, with the potential for significant increases in production. Using select 
      immune function assays, the purpose of these studies was to evaluate the 
      immunotoxicity of DMC following dermal exposure using a murine model. Following a 
      28-day exposure, DMC produced a significant decrease in thymus weight at 
      concentrations of 75% and greater. No effects on body weight, hematological 
      parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and their differentials), or immune cell 
      phenotyping (B-cells, T-cells, and T-cell sub-sets) were identified. The IgM 
      antibody response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) was significantly reduced in the 
      spleen but not the serum. DMC was not identified to be an irritant and evaluation 
      of the sensitization potential, conducted using the local lymph node assay (LLNA) 
      at concentrations ranging from 50-100%, did not identify increases in lymphocyte 
      proliferation. These results demonstrate that dermal exposure to DMC induces 
      immune suppression in a murine model and raise concern about potential human 
      exposure and the need for occupational exposure regulations.
FAU - Anderson, Stacey E
AU  - Anderson SE
AD  - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale 
      Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. sanderson4@cdc.gov
FAU - Franko, Jennifer
AU  - Franko J
FAU - Anderson, Katie L
AU  - Anderson KL
FAU - Munson, Albert E
AU  - Munson AE
FAU - Lukomska, Ewa
AU  - Lukomska E
FAU - Meade, B Jean
AU  - Meade BJ
LA  - eng
GR  - CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120907
PL  - England
TA  - J Immunotoxicol
JT  - Journal of immunotoxicology
JID - 101201960
RN  - 0 (Formates)
RN  - KE9J097SPN (methyl carbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibody Formation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Dermatitis, Contact/*immunology
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Female
MH  - Formates/administration & dosage/*toxicity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppression Therapy
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Organ Size/drug effects
MH  - Thymus Gland/*drug effects/pathology
PMC - PMC4652577
MID - NIHMS737082
OID - NLM: HHSPA737082
EDAT- 2012/09/08 06:00
MHDA- 2013/09/05 06:00
PMCR- 2015/11/19
CRDT- 2012/09/08 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/09/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/09/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/11/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3109/1547691X.2012.691124 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Immunotoxicol. 2013 Jan-Mar;10(1):59-66. doi: 10.3109/1547691X.2012.691124. 
      Epub 2012 Sep 7.