PMID- 22981915
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130314
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1095-9947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1050-4648 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 Nov
TI  - Functional characterization of TNF-alpha in grass carp head kidney leukocytes: 
      induction and involvement in the regulation of NF-kappaB signaling.
PG  - 1123-32
LID - S1050-4648(12)00317-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.08.029 [doi]
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a potent regulatory cytokine, which serves 
      as a key mediator of inflammation, immunity and apoptosis in mammals. 
      Identification, expression and regulatory effects of TNF-alpha have been reported in 
      various fish species, showing the structural and functional similarity or 
      discrepancy between each other. In this study, TNF-alpha was identified from grass 
      carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and the deduced grass carp TNF-alpha (gcTNF-alpha) protein 
      possessed the TNF family signature motifs, a protease cleavage site, a 
      transmembrane domain and two conserved cysteine residues. Further studies showed 
      that gcTNF-alpha expression was induced with a rapid kinetics by immune challenge in 
      vitro and in vivo. To characterize the function of gcTNF-alpha, recombinant gcTNF-alpha 
      (rgcTNF-alpha) was prepared by using the Escherichia coli expression system. It was 
      shown to enhance the mRNA expression of gcTNF-alpha and gcIL-1beta in head kidney 
      leukocytes (HKLs), confirming the biological activity of rgcTNF-alpha. In the same 
      model, NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC) was able to attenuate rgcTNF-alpha-induced gcTNF-alpha mRNA 
      expression, implying the involvement of NF-kappaB pathway in fish TNF-alpha action. This 
      notion was reinforced by the finding that rgcTNF-alpha could induce the 
      phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha in a time-dependent oscillation in HKLs, indicating a 
      dynamical variation of NF-kappaB activity as seen in mammals. In addition, rgcTNF-alpha 
      could up-regulate the expression of two TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAF), 
      TRAF1 and TRAF2, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, suggesting that gcTNF-alpha 
      may function as a regulator of fish NF-kappaB pathway. These results for the first 
      time reveal the link of gcTNF-alpha to the NF-kappaB pathway and provide a better 
      understanding of TNF-alpha signaling in teleost immunity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Anying
AU  - Zhang A
AD  - School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and 
      Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Chen, Danyan
AU  - Chen D
FAU - Wei, He
AU  - Wei H
FAU - Du, Linyong
AU  - Du L
FAU - Zhao, Taiqiang
AU  - Zhao T
FAU - Wang, Xinyan
AU  - Wang X
FAU - Zhou, Hong
AU  - Zhou H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120911
PL  - England
TA  - Fish Shellfish Immunol
JT  - Fish & shellfish immunology
JID - 9505220
RN  - 0 (DNA, Complementary)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-1beta)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Recombinant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1)
RN  - 0 (TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2)
RN  - 0 (Thiocarbamates)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 135467-92-4 (prolinedithiocarbamate)
RN  - 9DLQ4CIU6V (Proline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Carps/*immunology/metabolism
MH  - Cloning, Molecular
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - DNA, Complementary/genetics
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Escherichia coli
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Head Kidney/*cytology/metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
MH  - Leukocytes/*metabolism
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Proline/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Recombinant Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Signal Transduction/*immunology
MH  - TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1/metabolism
MH  - TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2/metabolism
MH  - Thiocarbamates/pharmacology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2012/09/18 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/15 06:00
CRDT- 2012/09/18 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/08/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/08/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/09/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/09/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1050-4648(12)00317-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.08.029 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2012 Nov;33(5):1123-32. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.08.029. 
      Epub 2012 Sep 11.