PMID- 23054775
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130702
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 5
DP  - 2013 May
TI  - Spatial gradients of OCPs in European butter--integrating environmental and 
      exposure information.
PG  - 2948-62
LID - 10.1007/s11356-012-1209-1 [doi]
AB  - The Stockholm Convention and the Global Monitoring Plan encourage the production 
      of monitoring data to effectively evaluate the presence of the persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in all regions, in order to identify changes in levels over 
      time, as well as to provide information on their regional and global 
      environmental transport. Here, we report the first step of two to investigate 
      whether butter is a feasible matrix to screen with the purpose to reflect 
      regional ambient atmospheric air levels of POPs. The first step described here is 
      to generate monitoring data; the second is to investigate the relationship 
      between the two matrixes, i.e., POP concentrations in air and butter, which will 
      be reported in another article published in this journal. Here, the 27 
      organochlorine pesticides listed under the Stockholm Convention have been 
      analyzed in 75 butter samples from Europe. The general conclusions were as 
      follows: Total organochlorine pesticide concentration is lower in butter from 
      northern and central Europe. The spatial gradient of 
      1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethane and hexachlorocyclohexane is 
      increasing in the eastern region of Europe (Romania, Bulgaria, and Ukraine), 
      dieldrin towards France, and endosulfan levels were elevated on the Azores Island 
      in the Atlantic Ocean. One butter sample from Romania exceeded the European 
      Maximum Residue Limit value for lindane, but the other butter pesticide levels 
      were all below the limit values. The dataset reported here can be used for the 
      calibration of the air-grass-dairy products model, which would support the 
      feasibility to use butter as biomonitor for measuring POP levels in ambient air.
FAU - Weiss, Jana
AU  - Weiss J
AD  - Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081HV 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Muller, Anne
AU  - Muller A
FAU - Vives, Ingrid
AU  - Vives I
FAU - Mariani, Giulio
AU  - Mariani G
FAU - Umlauf, Gunther
AU  - Umlauf G
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20120930
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 8029-34-3 (Butter)
SB  - IM
MH  - Butter/*analysis
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Chromatography, Gel
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Geography
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
EDAT- 2012/10/12 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/03 06:00
CRDT- 2012/10/12 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/09/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/10/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-012-1209-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 May;20(5):2948-62. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-012-1209-1. Epub 2012 Sep 30.