PMID- 23079229 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20130503 LR - 20191210 IS - 1618-095X (Electronic) IS - 0944-7113 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2012 Dec 15 TI - Lancemaside A isolated from Codonopsis lanceolata and its metabolite echinocystic acid ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory and learning deficits in mice. PG - 84-8 LID - S0944-7113(12)00315-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.005 [doi] AB - The rhizome of Codonopsis lanceolata (family Campanulaceae), which contains lancemaside A as a main constituent, has been used as herbal medicine to treat inflammation, insomnia, and hypomnesia. Lancemaside A and echinocystic acid, which is its metabolite by intestinal microflora, potently inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity in a dose-dependent manner, with IC(5)(0) value 13.6 muM and 12.2 muM, respectively. Its inhibitory potency is comparable with that of donepezil (IC(5)(0)=10.9 muM). Lancemaside A and echinocystic acid significantly reversed scopolamine-induced memory and learning deficits on passive avoidance task. Lancemaside A orally administered 5h before treatment with scopolamine reversed scopolamine-induced memory and learning deficits more potently than one orally administered 1h before. Echinocystic acid more potently reversed it than lancemaside A. Lancemaside A and echinocystic acid significantly reversed scopolamine-induced memory and learning deficits on the Y-maze and Morris water maze tasks. Lancemaside A and echinocystic acid also increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB). Based on these findings, orally administered lancemaside A may be metabolized to echinocystic acid, which may be absorbed into the blood and ameliorate memory and learning deficits by inhibiting AChE activity and inducing BDNF and p-CREB expressions. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. FAU - Jung, Il-Hoon AU - Jung IH AD - Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. FAU - Jang, Se-Eun AU - Jang SE FAU - Joh, Eun-Ha AU - Joh EH FAU - Chung, Jayong AU - Chung J FAU - Han, Myung Joo AU - Han MJ FAU - Kim, Dong-Hyun AU - Kim DH LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121015 PL - Germany TA - Phytomedicine JT - Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology JID - 9438794 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein) RN - 0 (Indans) RN - 0 (Piperidines) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 0 (landemaside A) RN - 6SMK8R7TGJ (Oleanolic Acid) RN - 8SSC91326P (Donepezil) RN - DL48G20X8X (Scopolamine) RN - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase) RN - L4DUW10YOF (echinocystic acid) SB - IM MH - Acetylcholinesterase/*metabolism MH - Animals MH - Avoidance Learning/drug effects MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism MH - Cholinesterase Inhibitors/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Codonopsis/*chemistry MH - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism MH - Donepezil MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Indans/pharmacology MH - Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism MH - Intestines/microbiology MH - Learning Disabilities/chemically induced/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Male MH - Maze Learning/drug effects MH - Memory/drug effects MH - Memory Disorders/chemically induced/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred ICR MH - Oleanolic Acid/*analogs & derivatives/isolation & purification/metabolism/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - *Phytotherapy MH - Piperidines/pharmacology MH - Plant Extracts/chemistry/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Rhizome MH - Scopolamine EDAT- 2012/10/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/05/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/20 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2012/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2012/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/05/04 06:00 [medline] AID - S0944-7113(12)00315-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phytomedicine. 2012 Dec 15;20(1):84-8. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.005. Epub 2012 Oct 15.