PMID- 23080371
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130924
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1348-4400 (Electronic)
IS  - 0916-8818 (Print)
IS  - 0916-8818 (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013
TI  - Electrophysiological and morphological evidence for synchronized GnRH pulse 
      generator activity among Kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin A (KNDy) neurons in 
      goats.
PG  - 40-8
AB  - Neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) that concomitantly express kisspeptin, 
      neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A are termed KNDy neurons and are likely 
      candidates for the intrinsic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse 
      generator. Our hypothesis is that KNDy neurons are functionally and anatomically 
      interconnected to generate discrete neural signals that govern pulsatile GnRH 
      secretion. Our goal was to address this hypothesis using electrophysiological and 
      anatomical experiments in goats. Bilateral electrodes targeting KNDy neurons were 
      implanted into ovariectomized goats, and GnRH pulse generator activity, 
      represented by characteristic increases in multiple-unit activity (MUA volleys), 
      was measured. Spontaneous and pheromone- or senktide (an NKB receptor 
      agonist)-induced MUA volleys were simultaneously recorded from both sides of the 
      ARC. An anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), was also injected 
      unilaterally into the ARC of castrated male goats, and the distribution of fibers 
      containing both BDA and NKB was examined using dual-labeling histochemistry. The 
      results showed that MUA volleys, regardless of origin (spontaneous or 
      experimentally induced), occur simultaneously between the right and left sides of 
      the ARC. Tract tracing indicated that axons projecting from NKB neurons in the 
      ARC were directly apposed to other NKB neuronal cells located bilaterally in the 
      ARC. These results demonstrate that GnRH pulse generator activity occurs 
      synchronously between both sides of the ARC in goats and that KNDy neurons are 
      bilaterally interconnected in the ARC via NKB-containing fibers. Taken together, 
      the results suggest that KNDy neurons form a neuronal circuit to synchronize 
      burst activity among KNDy neurons and thereby generate discrete neural signals 
      that govern pulsatile GnRH secretion.
FAU - Wakabayashi, Yoshihiro
AU  - Wakabayashi Y
AD  - Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 
      Ibaraki 305-0862, Japan.
FAU - Yamamura, Takashi
AU  - Yamamura T
FAU - Sakamoto, Kohei
AU  - Sakamoto K
FAU - Mori, Yuji
AU  - Mori Y
FAU - Okamura, Hiroaki
AU  - Okamura H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121019
PL  - Japan
TA  - J Reprod Dev
JT  - The Journal of reproduction and development
JID - 9438792
RN  - 0 (Kisspeptins)
RN  - 0 (Peptide Fragments)
RN  - 0 (Pheromones)
RN  - 106128-89-6 (senktide)
RN  - 33507-63-0 (Substance P)
RN  - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)
RN  - 74913-18-1 (Dynorphins)
RN  - 86933-75-7 (Neurokinin B)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism
MH  - Axons/metabolism
MH  - Dynorphins/*metabolism
MH  - Electrodes
MH  - Electrophysiological Phenomena
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
MH  - Goats
MH  - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism
MH  - Kisspeptins/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Neurokinin B/*metabolism
MH  - Neurons/*metabolism
MH  - Peptide Fragments/metabolism
MH  - Pheromones/metabolism
MH  - Substance P/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
PMC - PMC3943231
EDAT- 2012/10/20 06:00
MHDA- 2013/09/26 06:00
PMCR- 2013/02/01
CRDT- 2012/10/20 06:00
PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/09/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - DN/JST.JSTAGE/jrd/2012-136 [pii]
AID - 2012-136 [pii]
AID - 10.1262/jrd.2012-136 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Reprod Dev. 2013;59(1):40-8. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2012-136. Epub 2012 Oct 19.