PMID- 23093387
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130314
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2150-7511 (Electronic)
VI  - 3
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 Oct 23
TI  - Effects of crude oil, dispersant, and oil-dispersant mixtures on human fecal 
      microbiota in an in vitro culture system.
LID - 10.1128/mBio.00376-12 [doi]
LID - e00376-12
AB  - The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 raised concerns that dispersant and 
      dispersed oil, as well as crude oil itself, could contaminate shellfish and 
      seafood habitats with hazardous residues that had potential implications for 
      human health and the ecosystem. However, little is known about the effects of 
      crude oil and dispersant on the human fecal microbiota. The aim of this research 
      was to evaluate the potential effects of Deepwater Horizon crude oil, Corexit 
      9500 dispersant, and their combination on human fecal microbial communities, 
      using an in vitro culture test system. Fecal specimens from healthy adult 
      volunteers were made into suspensions, which were then treated with oil, 
      dispersant, or oil-dispersant mixtures under anaerobic conditions in an in vitro 
      culture test system. Perturbations of the microbial community, compared to 
      untreated control cultures, were assessed using denaturing gradient gel 
      electrophoresis (DGGE), real-time PCR, and pyrosequencing methods. DGGE and 
      pyrosequencing analysis showed that oil-dispersant mixtures reduced the diversity 
      of fecal microbiota from all individuals. Real-time PCR results indicated that 
      the copy numbers of 16S rRNA genes in cultures treated with dispersed oil or oil 
      alone were significantly lower than those in control incubations. The abundance 
      of the Bacteroidetes decreased in crude oil-treated and dispersed-oil-treated 
      cultures, while the Proteobacteria increased in cultures treated with dispersed 
      oil. In conclusion, the human fecal microbiota was affected differently by oil 
      and dispersed oil, and the influence of dispersed oil was significantly greater 
      than that of either oil or dispersant alone compared to control cultures. 
      IMPORTANCE There have been concerns whether human health is adversely affected by 
      exposure to spilled crude oil, which contains regulated carcinogens, such as 
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In this study, we determined the effect of BP 
      Deepwater Horizon crude oil and oil dispersant on the human intestinal 
      microbiota, since there is the potential that low-level residues of 
      petrochemicals could contaminate seafood. The results of this study will increase 
      our understanding of the ecophysiological changes in the microbial communities of 
      the human gastrointestinal tract with respect to crude oil exposure.
FAU - Kim, Jong Nam
AU  - Kim JN
AD  - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, 
      Jefferson, Arkansas, USA.
FAU - Kim, Bong-Soo
AU  - Kim BS
FAU - Kim, Seong-Jae
AU  - Kim SJ
FAU - Cerniglia, Carl E
AU  - Cerniglia CE
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121023
PL  - United States
TA  - mBio
JT  - mBio
JID - 101519231
RN  - 0 (Petroleum)
RN  - 0 (Surface-Active Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
MH  - Feces/*microbiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestines/drug effects/*microbiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Petroleum/*toxicity
MH  - Surface-Active Agents/*toxicity
PMC - PMC3482501
EDAT- 2012/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/15 06:00
PMCR- 2012/10/23
CRDT- 2012/10/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/10/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mBio.00376-12 [pii]
AID - mBio00376-12 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/mBio.00376-12 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - mBio. 2012 Oct 23;3(5):e00376-12. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00376-12.