PMID- 23095597
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140324
LR  - 20130617
IS  - 0013-7006 (Print)
IS  - 0013-7006 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Jun
TI  - [Minor neurological and physical anomalies in patients with first-episode 
      psychosis].
PG  - 149-54
LID - S0013-7006(12)00166-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.encep.2012.06.030 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Over the last several decades, there has been an increasing number 
      of neuroanatomical, neuroimaging, neurophysiological, and neuropsychological 
      studies in search of structural, functional, and cognitive correlates of brain 
      insult(s) that could ultimately lead to unravelling the pathophysiology of 
      schizophrenia. A direct, easily administered, and inexpensive way of 
      investigating brain dysfunction in schizophrenia is the study of neurological 
      soft signs and minor physical anomalies, two putative indices of developmental 
      abnormality. The study of these neurodevelopmental markers in the first-episode 
      psychosis allows the detection of the neurodevelopmental abnormalities at the 
      onset of psychosis. AIMS OF THE STUDY: The objectives of our study were to 
      determinate the prevalence, the scores, and the nature of neurological soft signs 
      (NSS) and minor physical anomalies (MPA) in patients with first-episode psychosis 
      and to explore the correlations between these neurodevelopmental markers and the 
      demographic, clinical and therapeutic features. METHOD: A cross-sectional study 
      was carried-out on 61 patients (mean age: 28.9+/-9.4years; 86.9% were males), 
      hospitalized for first-episode psychosis (DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia, 
      schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, and 
      psychotic disorder not otherwise specified). The evaluation procedure consisted 
      of a retrospective assessment of the premorbid functioning by the Premorbid 
      Functioning Scale (PAS) and the following clinical scales: Positive and Negative 
      Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and Global Assessment of 
      Functioning (GAF), the NSS scale of Krebs et al. (23 items exploring motor 
      coordination, motor integrative function, sensory integration, involuntary 
      movements or posture, quality of lateralization) and the MPA scale of Gourion et 
      al. (41 items, exploring anomalies of face, eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet). 
      RESULTS: The prevalence of NSS was 83.6% (cut-off point=9.5), with a mean total 
      score of 15.3+/-6.7. The highest score was for the motor coordination. The 
      prevalence of MPA was 62.7% (cut-off point=5), with a mean total score of 
      5.8+/-3.2. The most common MPA were the fine hair (50.8%), adherent earlobes 
      (49.2%) and clinodactyly (31.1%). Correlations were found between the NSS total 
      score and the Poor Premorbid Functioning (r=0.32, P=0.04), the PANSS total score 
      (r=0.36, P=0.005), and the negative (r=0.45, P<0.001) and disorganization 
      sub-scores (r=0.41, P=0.001), the CGI-severity of (r=0.30, P=0.02), the 
      impairment functioning in the GAF (r=-0.26, P=0.04) and with extrapyramidal 
      symptoms (r=0.52, P<0.001). However, no correlation was found between the NSS 
      total scores, age, gender, the PANSS positive sub-score, the daily dosage of 
      antipsychotics, the CGI-improvement score and the MPA total score. There was no 
      correlation between MPA total score and demographic, clinical and therapeutic 
      features of patients. Moreover, there was no correlation between the NSS or MPA 
      scores and the short-term evolution (6months to 1year) towards schizophrenia. 
      CONCLUSION: These results confirm the data in the literature relating high NSS 
      and MPA scores in patients with a first-episode psychosis. The NSS appear to 
      characterize severe psychotic disorders with more negative and disorganization 
      symptoms and poor social functioning and may be a prognostic indicator.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 L'Encephale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights 
      reserved.
FAU - Mhalla, A
AU  - Mhalla A
AD  - Service de psychiatrie, CHU de Monastir, rue 1(er)-Juin, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie.
FAU - Boussaid, N
AU  - Boussaid N
FAU - Gassab, L
AU  - Gassab L
FAU - Gaha, L
AU  - Gaha L
FAU - Mechri, A
AU  - Mechri A
LA  - fre
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
TT  - Anomalies neurologiques et physiques mineures chez des patients presentant un 
      premier episode psychotique.
DEP - 20121012
PL  - France
TA  - Encephale
JT  - L'Encephale
JID - 7505643
RN  - 0 (Antipsychotic Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Ataxia/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Congenital Abnormalities/*diagnosis/*epidemiology
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Disability Evaluation
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/*diagnosis/*epidemiology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*diagnosis/drug therapy/*epidemiology
MH  - Schizophrenia/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Social Behavior Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2012/10/26 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2012/10/26 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/10/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-7006(12)00166-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.encep.2012.06.030 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Encephale. 2013 Jun;39(3):149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2012.06.030. Epub 2012 Oct 
      12.