PMID- 23148186
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121119
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2042-0196 (Electronic)
IS  - 2042-0188 (Print)
IS  - 2042-0188 (Linking)
VI  - 2
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - An Endocrine Perspective of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
PG  - 211-25
LID - 10.1177/2042018811419157 [doi]
AB  - Endocrinologists are encountering patients with obesity-related complications 
      such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on a daily 
      basis. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver condition 
      characterized by insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and frequently T2DM. This 
      is now the most common chronic liver condition in adults and is present in the 
      majority of obese subjects. Liver fat accumulation may range from simple 
      steatosis to severe steatohepatitis with hepatocyte necroinflammation (or 
      nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]). Although the natural history is 
      incompletely understood, NAFLD may lead to serious medical consequences ranging 
      from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma to earlier onset of T2DM and 
      cardiovascular disease (CVD). The diagnosis of NAFLD may be challenging because 
      signs and symptoms are frequently absent or nonspecific, and thus easily missed. 
      Liver aminotransferases may be helpful if elevated, but most times are normal in 
      the presence of the disease. Liver imaging may assist in the diagnosis 
      (ultrasound or MRI and spectroscopy) but a definitive diagnosis of NASH still 
      requires a liver biopsy. This may change in the near future as novel biomarkers 
      become available. Treatment of NAFLD includes aggressive management of associated 
      cardiovascular risk factors and many times control of T2DM. Pioglitazone and 
      vitamin E appear promising for patients with NASH, although long-term studies are 
      unavailable. In summary, this review hopes to address the common clinical 
      dilemmas that endocrinologists face in the diagnosis and management of NAFLD and 
      increase awareness of a potentially serious medical condition.
FAU - Lomonaco, Romina
AU  - Lomonaco R
AD  - Division of Diabetes, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San 
      Antonio (UTHSCSA) and Audie L. Murphy Veterans Administration Medical Center 
      (VAMC), San Antonio, TX, USA.
FAU - Chen, Janet
AU  - Chen J
FAU - Cusi, Kenneth
AU  - Cusi K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab
JT  - Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 101532143
PMC - PMC3474641
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diabetes
OT  - fatty liver
OT  - insulin resistance
OT  - nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
OT  - nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest in preparing this article.
EDAT- 2012/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2012/11/14 06:01
PMCR- 2011/10/01
CRDT- 2012/11/14 06:00
PHST- 2012/11/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/11/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2011/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_2042018811419157 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/2042018811419157 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Oct;2(5):211-25. doi: 10.1177/2042018811419157.