PMID- 23149289
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130614
LR  - 20201209
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 145
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Jan 9
TI  - Indirubin, a purple 3,2- bisindole, inhibited allergic contact dermatitis via 
      regulating T helper (Th)-mediated immune system in DNCB-induced model.
PG  - 214-9
LID - S0378-8741(12)00752-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.055 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Indirubin, isolated from Indigo naturalis 
      (Apiaceae) is a purple 3,2- bisindole and a stable isomer of indigo. Although it 
      is known to have anti-inflammatory activities, its mechanism of action has not 
      been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven-week-old female BALB/c mice were 
      sensitized with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) to induce skin inflammation. 
      Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess epidermal and dermal 
      hyperplasia, which were determined by measuring the thicknesses of the epidermis 
      and dermis, respectively. We also evaluated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels 
      and cytokines production, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin 
      (IL)-4, 6 and Interferon (IFN)-gamma. In addition, we investigated nuclear factor 
      (NF)-kappaB, IkappaB-alpha and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activities for 
      verifying the molecular mechanism of inflammation. RESULTS: Indirubin treatment 
      suppressed skin inflammation in DNCB-exposed mice. The skin lesions were 
      significantly thinner in the Indirubin-treated group than in untreated controls, 
      and the hyperkeratosis disappeared. Indirubin reduced the total serum IgE level 
      and cytokines production. In addition, it normalized NF-kappaB, IkappaB-alpha and MAP kinase 
      expression. CONCLUSIONS: Indirubin might be a useful treatment for allergic 
      contact dermatitis via regulating the co-expression of T helper (Th) 1 and 2 
      cell-mediated immune responses.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kim, Mi Hye
AU  - Kim MH
AD  - Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of 
      Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Choi, You Yeon
AU  - Choi YY
FAU - Yang, Gabsik
AU  - Yang G
FAU - Cho, Ik-Hyun
AU  - Cho IH
FAU - Nam, Dongwoo
AU  - Nam D
FAU - Yang, Woong Mo
AU  - Yang WM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121110
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Dinitrochlorobenzene)
RN  - 0 (I-kappa B Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Indoles)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
RN  - V86L8P74GI (indirubin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/blood/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Dinitrochlorobenzene
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Female
MH  - Hyperplasia/chemically induced/pathology
MH  - I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Immune System/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/metabolism
MH  - Indoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Inflammation/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
MH  - NF-kappa B/metabolism
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*drug effects/metabolism
EDAT- 2012/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2013/06/15 06:00
CRDT- 2012/11/15 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/10/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/11/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/06/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-8741(12)00752-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.055 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jan 9;145(1):214-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.055. Epub 
      2012 Nov 10.