PMID- 23219717
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140113
LR  - 20181203
IS  - 1532-1983 (Electronic)
IS  - 0261-5614 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 4
DP  - 2013 Aug
TI  - Preservation of the gut by preoperative carbohydrate loading improves 
      postoperative food intake.
PG  - 556-61
LID - S0261-5614(12)00236-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.004 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND & AIMS: A carbohydrate (CHO) drink given preoperatively changes the 
      fasted state into a fed state. The ESPEN guidelines for perioperative care 
      include preoperative CHO loading and re-establishment of oral feeding as early as 
      possible after surgery. An intestinal ischaemia reperfusion (IR) animal model was 
      used to investigate whether preoperative CHO loading increases spontaneous 
      postoperative food intake, intestinal barrier function and the catabolic 
      response. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n = 65) were subjected to 16 h fasting with 
      ad libitum water and: A) sham laparotomy (Sham fasted, n = 24); B) intestinal 
      ischaemia (IR fasted, n = 27); and C) intestinal ischaemia with preoperatively 
      access to a CHO drink (IR CHO, n = 14). Spontaneous food intake, intestinal 
      barrier function, insulin sensitivity, intestinal motility and plasma amino acids 
      were measured after surgery. RESULTS: The IR CHO animals started eating 
      significantly earlier and also ate significantly more than the IR fasted animals. 
      Furthermore, preoperative CHO loading improved the intestinal barrier function, 
      functional enterocyte metabolic mass measured by citrulline and reduced muscle 
      protein catabolism, as indicated by normalization of the biomarker 
      3-methylhistidine. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative CHO loading improves food intake, 
      preserves the GI function and reduces the catabolic response in an IR animal 
      model. These findings suggest that preoperative CHO loading preserves the 
      intestinal function in order to accelerate recovery and food intake. If this 
      effect is caused by overcoming the fasted state or CHO loading remains unclear.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and 
      Metabolism. All rights reserved.
FAU - Luttikhold, Joanna
AU  - Luttikhold J
AD  - Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 
      j.luttikhold@vumc.nl
FAU - Oosting, Annemarie
AU  - Oosting A
FAU - van den Braak, Claudia C M
AU  - van den Braak CC
FAU - van Norren, Klaske
AU  - van Norren K
FAU - Rijna, Herman
AU  - Rijna H
FAU - van Leeuwen, Paul A M
AU  - van Leeuwen PA
FAU - Bouritius, Hetty
AU  - Bouritius H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20121117
PL  - England
TA  - Clin Nutr
JT  - Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
JID - 8309603
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Methylhistidines)
RN  - 29VT07BGDA (Citrulline)
RN  - MEH8O8Y0H0 (3-methylhistidine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - Citrulline/blood
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Eating/*physiology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Tract/*metabolism
MH  - Homeostasis
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
MH  - Intestines/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Methylhistidines/blood
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Postoperative Period
MH  - Preoperative Care/methods
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Reperfusion Injury/pathology/prevention & control
EDAT- 2012/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2014/01/15 06:00
CRDT- 2012/12/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/10/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/11/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/12/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/01/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0261-5614(12)00236-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Nutr. 2013 Aug;32(4):556-61. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.004. Epub 2012 Nov 
      17.