PMID- 23224085
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130701
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1098-660X (Electronic)
IS  - 0095-1137 (Print)
IS  - 0095-1137 (Linking)
VI  - 51
IP  - 2
DP  - 2013 Feb
TI  - Comparison of commercial real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays for reliable, 
      early, and rapid detection of heterologous strains of porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus in experimentally infected or noninfected boars by use 
      of different sample types.
PG  - 547-56
LID - 10.1128/JCM.02685-12 [doi]
AB  - The aims of this study were to compare three commercial porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) 
      assays for detection of genetically diverse PRRSV isolates in serum, semen, blood 
      swabs, and oral fluids collected from experimentally infected boars and to 
      evaluate the effects of sample pooling. Six groups of three boars negative for 
      PRRSV were each inoculated with one of six PRRSV isolates (sharing 55 to 99% 
      nucleotide sequence identity in ORF5). Samples were collected on days -2, 1, 3, 
      5, 7, 14, and 21 postinoculation (p.i.) and tested by one of three commercially 
      available real-time RT-PCR assays (VetMax from Applied Biosystems, Foster City, 
      CA [abbreviated AB]; VetAlert from Tetracore, Rockville, MD [TC]; and AcuPig from 
      AnDiaTec GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany [AD]). At day 1 p.i., all assays detected at 
      least one positive sample in each group. The highest detection rates were on days 
      3 and 5 p.i. Between days 1 and 7 p.i., serum samples had the highest detection 
      rate (90%) with 100% agreement between tests, followed by blood swabs (kappa 
      value of 0.97) and semen (kappa value of 0.80). Oral fluids had the lowest 
      detection rates (AB, 55%; TC, 41%; AD, 46%) and the highest disagreement between 
      kits (kappa value of 0.63). Pools of five samples did not reduce the detection 
      rates if there was one positive sample with a large amount (cycle threshold, <30) 
      of viral RNA in the pool. Serum and blood swab samples had shorter turnaround 
      times for RNA extraction. The AB assay had a 1.6-times-shorter PCR time. In 
      summary, serum and blood swabs had the best performance with highest detection 
      rates and agreement between assays and the shortest turnaround times.
FAU - Gerber, Priscilla F
AU  - Gerber PF
AD  - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State 
      University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
FAU - O'Neill, Kevin
AU  - O'Neill K
FAU - Owolodun, Olajide
AU  - Owolodun O
FAU - Wang, Chong
AU  - Wang C
FAU - Harmon, Karen
AU  - Harmon K
FAU - Zhang, Jianqiang
AU  - Zhang J
FAU - Halbur, Patrick G
AU  - Halbur PG
FAU - Zhou, Lei
AU  - Zhou L
FAU - Meng, Xiang-Jin
AU  - Meng XJ
FAU - Opriessnig, Tanja
AU  - Opriessnig T
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121205
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Microbiol
JT  - Journal of clinical microbiology
JID - 7505564
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Reagent Kits, Diagnostic)
RN  - 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins)
RN  - 0 (glycoprotein 5, PRRSV)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology
MH  - Body Fluids/virology
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*diagnosis
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome 
      virus/*genetics/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - RNA, Viral
MH  - *Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
MH  - *Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Swine
MH  - Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
PMC - PMC3553906
EDAT- 2012/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/03 06:00
PMCR- 2013/08/01
CRDT- 2012/12/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/12/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JCM.02685-12 [pii]
AID - 02685-12 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/JCM.02685-12 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Microbiol. 2013 Feb;51(2):547-56. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02685-12. Epub 2012 Dec 
      5.