PMID- 23228258
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131211
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1878-3554 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2399 (Print)
IS  - 0099-2399 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Jan
TI  - Camphorquinone inhibits odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells and 
      triggers release of inflammatory cytokines.
PG  - 57-61
LID - S0099-2399(12)00872-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.006 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Camphorquinone (CQ) is a photoinitiator that triggers 
      polymerization of light-curing materials such as dental adhesives and composites. 
      CQ does not become a part of the polymer network, suggesting that CQ can be 
      leached out into surrounding environment including dental pulp and exert 
      adversary effects on tissues. In order to understand the mechanisms of CQ-induced 
      side effects, we investigated the effect of CQ on cell viability, cytokine 
      secretion, and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in vitro. 
      METHODS: Cell viability was assessed using the 
      3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after CQ 
      exposure. Western blotting was performed for p16(INK4A), p21(WAF1), and p53. 
      Secretory cytokines were evaluated using the membrane-enzyme-linked immunosorbent 
      assay as well as conventional and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase 
      chain reaction. The effects of CQ on odontogenic differentiation were evaluated 
      using alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining methods. RESULTS: CQ 
      treatment suppressed the proliferation of DPSCs and induced the expression of 
      p16(INK4A), p21(WAF1), and p53. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines (eg, 
      interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 [MMP3]) were 
      increased by CQ treatment. CQ also inhibited odontogenic differentiation and 
      mineralization capacities of DPSC and MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our study 
      showed that CQ may trigger pulpal inflammation by inducing proinflammatory 
      cytokine production from the pulpal cells and may impair odontogenic 
      differentiation of dental pulp cells, resulting in pulpal irritation and 
      inflammation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Kim, Reuben H
AU  - Kim RH
AD  - UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA. rkim@dentistry.ucla.edu
FAU - Williams, Drake W
AU  - Williams DW
FAU - Bae, Susan
AU  - Bae S
FAU - Lee, Rachel S
AU  - Lee RS
FAU - Oh, Ju-Eun
AU  - Oh JE
FAU - Mehrazarin, Shebli
AU  - Mehrazarin S
FAU - Kim, Tony
AU  - Kim T
FAU - Shin, Ki-Hyuk
AU  - Shin KH
FAU - Park, No-Hee
AU  - Park NH
FAU - Kang, Mo K
AU  - Kang MK
LA  - eng
GR  - K02DE18959/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DE018295/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01DE18295/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K08DE17121/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K08 DE017121/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K02 DE018959/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03 DE021114/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03DE30304/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121024
PL  - United States
TA  - J Endod
JT  - Journal of endodontics
JID - 7511484
RN  - 0 (Anthraquinones)
RN  - 0 (CDKN1A protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Coloring Agents)
RN  - 0 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16)
RN  - 0 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Dental Materials)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (Methacrylates)
RN  - 0 (Photoinitiators, Dental)
RN  - 0 (TP53 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Tetrazolium Salts)
RN  - 0 (Thiazoles)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Suppressor Protein p53)
RN  - 3F3AT0Q12H (Alizarin Red S)
RN  - 6E1I4IV47V (hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
RN  - 76-22-2 (Camphor)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
RN  - EC 3.4.24.17 (MMP3 protein, human)
RN  - EC 3.4.24.17 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 3)
RN  - EUY85H477I (thiazolyl blue)
RN  - RAL3591W33 (camphorquinone)
MH  - 3T3 Cells
MH  - Alkaline Phosphatase/analysis
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anthraquinones
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Camphor/*analogs & derivatives/toxicity
MH  - Cell Differentiation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Coloring Agents
MH  - Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/analysis
MH  - Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/analysis
MH  - Cytokines/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Dental Materials/toxicity
MH  - Dental Pulp/cytology/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-6/analysis
MH  - Interleukin-8/analysis
MH  - Materials Testing
MH  - Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis
MH  - Methacrylates/toxicity
MH  - Mice
MH  - Odontogenesis/*drug effects
MH  - Photoinitiators, Dental/*toxicity
MH  - Tetrazolium Salts
MH  - Thiazoles
MH  - Tooth Calcification/drug effects
MH  - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/analysis
PMC - PMC3770841
MID - NIHMS408391
COIS- The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study.
EDAT- 2012/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2013/12/16 06:00
PMCR- 2014/01/01
CRDT- 2012/12/12 06:00
PHST- 2012/03/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/09/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/09/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/12/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/12/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0099-2399(12)00872-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Endod. 2013 Jan;39(1):57-61. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.006. Epub 2012 Oct 24.