PMID- 23261483
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130730
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 145
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Feb 13
TI  - A herbal formula containing roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and Pueraria 
      lobata (Gegen) inhibits inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 
      macrophages through inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) pathway.
PG  - 776-83
LID - S0378-8741(12)00845-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.011 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The herbal formula DG, containing roots of Salvia 
      miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and Pueraria lobata (Gegen), has long history in treating 
      cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown to be able to reduce intima-media 
      thickening in coronary patients in our previous clinical study. Since 
      intima-media thickening is the hallmark of atherosclerotic disease, the etiology 
      of which is inflammation of the arterial wall, the mechanism underlying the 
      effect of DG may be related to its anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF STUDY: 
      The present study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of DG and 
      elucidate its underlying mechanisms with regards to its molecular basis of 
      action. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The anti-inflammatory effect of DG was studied by 
      using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) 
      pathway and subsequent production of inflammatory mediators, including nitric 
      oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), 
      interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage 
      chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS: The 
      present study demonstrated that DG could suppress the production of NO and PGE(2) 
      through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 genes. DG could also inhibit the 
      production of IL-1beta, IL-6 and MCP-1, but not TNF-alpha, through the inhibition of 
      respective mRNA expressions. Further investigations showed the inhibitory effect 
      of DG on activation of IKKalpha/beta and degradation of IkappaBalpha, thus preventing nuclear 
      translocation of NFkappaB. All these results suggested the inhibitory effects of DG 
      on the production of inflammatory mediators through the inhibition of the NFkappaB 
      pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The inhibitory effects of DG on the production of 
      inflammatory mediators by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, are accomplished 
      by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NFkappaB through inactivating IKKalpha/beta and 
      preventing degradation of IkappaBalpha.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Cheung, David Wing-Shing
AU  - Cheung DW
AD  - Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New 
      Territories, Hong Kong.
FAU - Koon, Chi-Man
AU  - Koon CM
FAU - Wat, Elaine
AU  - Wat E
FAU - Ko, Chun-Hay
AU  - Ko CH
FAU - Chan, Judy Yuet-Wa
AU  - Chan JY
FAU - Yew, David Tai-Wai
AU  - Yew DT
FAU - Leung, Ping-Chung
AU  - Leung PC
FAU - Chan, Wai-Yee
AU  - Chan WY
FAU - Lau, Clara Bik-San
AU  - Lau CB
FAU - Fung, Kwok-Pui
AU  - Fung KP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121220
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nos2 protein, mouse)
RN  - EC 1.14.99.- (Ptgs2 protein, mouse)
RN  - EC 1.14.99.1 (Cyclooxygenase 2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
MH  - Cytokines/genetics
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides
MH  - Macrophages/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - Nitric Oxide/metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
MH  - Plant Roots
MH  - *Pueraria
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - *Salvia miltiorrhiza
EDAT- 2012/12/25 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/31 06:00
CRDT- 2012/12/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/12/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/12/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/12/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/12/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-8741(12)00845-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Feb 13;145(3):776-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.011. Epub 
      2012 Dec 20.