PMID- 23263128
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130603
LR  - 20181023
IS  - 1094-4087 (Electronic)
IS  - 1094-4087 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 27
DP  - 2012 Dec 17
TI  - When holography meets coherent diffraction imaging.
PG  - 28871-92
LID - 10.1364/OE.20.028871 [doi]
AB  - The phase problem is inherent to crystallographic, astronomical and optical 
      imaging where only the intensity of the scattered signal is detected and the 
      phase information is lost and must somehow be recovered to reconstruct the 
      object's structure. Modern imaging techniques at the molecular scale rely on 
      utilizing novel coherent light sources like X-ray free electron lasers for the 
      ultimate goal of visualizing such objects as individual biomolecules rather than 
      crystals. Here, unlike in the case of crystals where structures can be solved by 
      model building and phase refinement, the phase distribution of the wave scattered 
      by an individual molecule must directly be recovered. There are two well-known 
      solutions to the phase problem: holography and coherent diffraction imaging 
      (CDI). Both techniques have their pros and cons. In holography, the 
      reconstruction of the scattered complex-valued object wave is directly provided 
      by a well-defined reference wave that must cover the entire detector area which 
      often is an experimental challenge. CDI provides the highest possible, only 
      wavelength limited, resolution, but the phase recovery is an iterative process 
      which requires some pre-defined information about the object and whose outcome is 
      not always uniquely-defined. Moreover, the diffraction patterns must be recorded 
      under oversampling conditions, a pre-requisite to be able to solve the phase 
      problem. Here, we report how holography and CDI can be merged into one superior 
      technique: holographic coherent diffraction imaging (HCDI). An inline hologram 
      can be recorded by employing a modified CDI experimental scheme. We demonstrate 
      that the amplitude of the Fourier transform of an inline hologram is related to 
      the complex-valued visibility, thus providing information on both, the amplitude 
      and the phase of the scattered wave in the plane of the diffraction pattern. With 
      the phase information available, the condition of oversampling the diffraction 
      patterns can be relaxed, and the phase problem can be solved in a fast and 
      unambiguous manner. We demonstrate the reconstruction of various diffraction 
      patterns of objects recorded with visible light as well as with low-energy 
      electrons. Although we have demonstrated our HCDI method using laser light and 
      low-energy electrons, it can also be applied to any other coherent radiation such 
      as X-rays or high-energy electrons.
FAU - Latychevskaia, Tatiana
AU  - Latychevskaia T
AD  - Institute of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, 
      Switzerland. tatiana@physik.uzh.ch
FAU - Longchamp, Jean-Nicolas
AU  - Longchamp JN
FAU - Fink, Hans-Werner
AU  - Fink HW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Opt Express
JT  - Optics express
JID - 101137103
SB  - IM
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - Equipment Failure Analysis
MH  - Holography/*instrumentation
MH  - Image Enhancement/*instrumentation
MH  - Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*instrumentation
MH  - Refractometry/*instrumentation
EDAT- 2012/12/25 06:00
MHDA- 2013/06/05 06:00
CRDT- 2012/12/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/12/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/12/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/06/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 247054 [pii]
AID - 10.1364/OE.20.028871 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Opt Express. 2012 Dec 17;20(27):28871-92. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.028871.