PMID- 23293517
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130916
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1178-2013 (Electronic)
IS  - 1176-9114 (Print)
IS  - 1176-9114 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2013
TI  - Nanoemulsions coated with alginate/chitosan as oral insulin delivery systems: 
      preparation, characterization, and hypoglycemic effect in rats.
PG  - 23-32
LID - 10.2147/IJN.S38507 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed to prepare nanoemulsions coated with alginate/chitosan for oral 
      insulin delivery. Uncoated nanoemulsions were prepared by homogenization of a 
      water in oil in water (w/o/w) multiple emulsion that was composed of Labrafac((R)) 
      CC, phospholipid, Span 80 and Cremorphor((R)) EL. Coating of the nanoemulsions was 
      achieved based on polyelectrolyte cross-linking, with sequential addition of 
      calcium chloride and chitosan to the bulk nanoemulsion dispersion that contained 
      alginate. The particle size of the coated nanoemulsions was about 488 nm and the 
      insulin entrapment ratio was 47.3%. Circular dichroism spectroscopy proved 
      conformational stability of insulin against the preparative stress. In vitro 
      leakage study indicated well-preserved integrity of the nanoemulsions in 
      simulated gastric juices. Hypoglycemic effects were observed in both normal and 
      diabetic rats. The relative pharmacological bioavailability of the coated 
      nanoemulsion with 25 and 50 IU/kg insulin were 8.42% and 5.72% in normal rats and 
      8.19% and 7.84% in diabetic rats, respectively. Moreover, there were 
      significantly prolonged hypoglycemic effects after oral administration of the 
      coated nanoemulsions compared with subcutaneous (sc) insulin. In conclusion, the 
      nanoemulsion coated with alginate/chitosan was a potential delivery system for 
      oral delivery of polypeptides and proteins.
FAU - Li, Xiaoyang
AU  - Li X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of Ministry of Education and People's 
      Liberation Army (PLA), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Qi, Jianping
AU  - Qi J
FAU - Xie, Yunchang
AU  - Xie Y
FAU - Zhang, Xi
AU  - Zhang X
FAU - Hu, Shunwen
AU  - Hu S
FAU - Xu, Ying
AU  - Xu Y
FAU - Lu, Yi
AU  - Lu Y
FAU - Wu, Wei
AU  - Wu W
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121228
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Int J Nanomedicine
JT  - International journal of nanomedicine
JID - 101263847
RN  - 0 (Alginates)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Emulsions)
RN  - 0 (Hexuronic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 8A5D83Q4RW (Glucuronic Acid)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Alginates/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Glucose/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Chitosan/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Circular Dichroism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood/drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Drug Carriers/administration & dosage/*chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Drug Stability
MH  - Emulsions/administration & dosage/*chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Gastric Juice/metabolism
MH  - Glucuronic Acid/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Hexuronic Acids/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*administration & dosage/*chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Insulin/*administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Nanoparticles/administration & dosage/*chemistry
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
PMC - PMC3534302
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - alginate
OT  - chitosan
OT  - insulin
OT  - nanoemulsion
OT  - oral delivery
EDAT- 2013/01/08 06:00
MHDA- 2013/09/17 06:00
PMCR- 2012/12/28
CRDT- 2013/01/08 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/09/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/12/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijn-8-023 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/IJN.S38507 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Nanomedicine. 2013;8:23-32. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S38507. Epub 2012 Dec 28.