PMID- 23304632
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130111
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2042-0099 (Electronic)
IS  - 2090-8040 (Print)
IS  - 2042-0099 (Linking)
VI  - 2012
DP  - 2012
TI  - Chemokine expression in human astrocytes in response to shiga toxin 2.
PG  - 135803
LID - 10.1155/2012/135803 [doi]
LID - 135803
AB  - Infection with Shiga toxin- (Stx-) producing Escherichia coli can lead to 
      hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Approximately, 30% of patients with HUS suffer 
      from complications in the central nervous system (CNS), which is an important 
      determinant of mortality in such patients. Autopsy shows mostly edema and 
      hypoxic-ischemic changes in the CNS, often with microhemorrhages. It has been 
      suggested that Stx-induced damage to human brain endothelial cells, which are 
      essential constituents of the blood-brain barrier, plays a crucial role in the 
      development of the CNS complications. However, it is unclear whether Stx affects 
      brain neuroglial cells. In the present study, we investigated the direct 
      involvement of Stx in the inflammatory responses of human astrocytes (HASTs) 
      treated with Stx. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR revealed that the 
      expression of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), the receptor for Stx2, and Gb3 
      synthase (GalT6) in HASTs was increased by interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Expression of 
      both interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA in 
      HASTs was significantly upregulated by Stx2. These results suggest that Stx2 
      induces inflammatory responses, particularly through expression of chemokines, in 
      HASTs expressing Gb3 and may, thus, affect brain glial cells, playing a key role 
      in the pathogenesis of CNS manifestations associated with HUS.
FAU - Kioka, Naomi
AU  - Kioka N
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, 811-1 
      Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
FAU - Minami, Koichi
AU  - Minami K
FAU - Tamura, Akira
AU  - Tamura A
FAU - Yoshikawa, Norishige
AU  - Yoshikawa N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20121210
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Inflam
JT  - International journal of inflammation
JID - 101538188
PMC - PMC3529876
EDAT- 2013/01/11 06:00
MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:01
PMCR- 2012/12/10
CRDT- 2013/01/11 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/11/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/11/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/01/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/01/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2012/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2012/135803 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Inflam. 2012;2012:135803. doi: 10.1155/2012/135803. Epub 2012 Dec 10.