PMID- 23305766 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140411 LR - 20211203 IS - 1873-7544 (Electronic) IS - 0306-4522 (Linking) VI - 249 DP - 2013 Sep 26 TI - Adolescent social stress does not necessarily lead to a compromised adaptive capacity during adulthood: a study on the consequences of social stress in rats. PG - 258-70 LID - S0306-4522(13)00005-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.050 [doi] AB - Childhood bullying or social stress in adolescent humans is generally considered to increase the risk of developing behavioral disorders like depression in adulthood. Juveniles are hypothesized to be particularly sensitive to stressors in their environment due to the relatively late maturation of brain areas that are targeted by stress such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In our study male adolescent rats were subjected to repeated social defeat on postnatal day (PND) 28, 31 and 34 (experiment 1) or to daily social defeats between PND 35 and 42 (experiment 2). Adolescent rats in experiment 1 were socially housed in pairs with a male of similar age during and after the social defeat. In experiment 2 adolescents were housed either alone or with an age-mate for 7 days (PND 35-42) next to either a highly aggressive or a non-aggressive adult male neighbor with whom a repeated physical interaction was allowed. In experiment 1 the adolescent defeats affected subsequent play behavior with the cage mate. Socially stressed rats more frequently initiated play behavior but also adopted more frequently submissive postures during the play fights. As adults, they seemed to cope behaviorally and physiologically better with a similar exposure to a residential aggressive male rat than unstressed controls. In experiment 2 acute effects of adolescent social stress were studied on neuroplasticity markers like hippocampal cell proliferation and neurogenesis as well as hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. The 2nd experiment also studied long-term effects of the adolescent stress in the response to an adult social defeat. A few acute but minor changes in brain plasticity markers and behavior were observed but these were transient and no behavioral or physiological effects persisted into adulthood. The results from both experiments support the theory developed in the so-called "match-mismatch hypothesis" which claims that the final consequence of childhood adversity depends on how well the early life environment matches the challenges in later life. Socially stressed adolescents are rather resilient to the lasting behavioral and physiological effects of the stress exposure if they are socially housed afterward and have the ability to recover. CI - Copyright (c) 2013 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Buwalda, B AU - Buwalda B AD - Department of Behavioral Physiology, Centre for Behaviour and Neurosciences, Groningen University, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands. B.Buwalda@rug.nl FAU - Stubbendorff, C AU - Stubbendorff C FAU - Zickert, N AU - Zickert N FAU - Koolhaas, J M AU - Koolhaas JM LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20130107 PL - United States TA - Neuroscience JT - Neuroscience JID - 7605074 SB - IM MH - Adaptation, Psychological/*physiology MH - Age Factors MH - Animals MH - Doublecortin Protein MH - Female MH - *Interpersonal Relations MH - Male MH - Rats MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Stress, Psychological/*metabolism/*psychology OTO - NOTNLM OT - 5-bromodeoxiuridine OT - ANOVA OT - BDNF OT - BrdU OT - CORT OT - DCX OT - PBS OT - PND OT - SD OT - WTG OT - Wildtype Groningen rats OT - adolescence OT - analysis of variance OT - brain-derived neurotrophic factor OT - corticosterone OT - doublecortin OT - match-mismatch hypothesis OT - neurogenesis OT - phosphate-buffered saline OT - play behavior OT - postnatal day OT - sem OT - social defeat OT - social housing OT - standard error of the mean EDAT- 2013/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2014/04/12 06:00 CRDT- 2013/01/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2012/12/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2012/12/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/01/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/04/12 06:00 [medline] AID - S0306-4522(13)00005-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.050 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neuroscience. 2013 Sep 26;249:258-70. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.050. Epub 2013 Jan 7.