PMID- 23332846
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130822
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1525-3198 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0302 (Linking)
VI  - 96
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Mar
TI  - Effects of coconut and fish oils on ruminal methanogenesis, fermentation, and 
      abundance and diversity of microbial populations in vitro.
PG  - 1782-92
LID - S0022-0302(13)00054-4 [pii]
LID - 10.3168/jds.2012-6159 [doi]
AB  - Coconut (CO) and fish (FO) oils were previously shown to inhibit rumen 
      methanogenesis and biohydrogenation, which mitigates methane emission and helps 
      improve beneficial fatty acids in meat and milk. This study aimed at 
      investigating the comparative effects of CO and FO on the methanogenesis, 
      fermentation, and microbial abundances and diversity in vitro rumen cultures 
      containing different doses (0, 3.1, and 6.2 mL/L) of each oil and 400mg feed 
      substrate using rumen fluid from lactating dairy cows as inocula. Increasing 
      doses of CO and FO quadratically decreased concentrations of methane, but 
      hydrogen concentrations were only increased quadratically by CO. Both oils 
      linearly decreased dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility of feeds 
      but did not affect the concentration of total volatile fatty acids. However, CO 
      reduced acetate percentage and acetate to propionate ratio and increased the 
      percentages of propionate and butyrate to a greater extent than FO. Ammonia 
      concentration was greater for CO than FO. As determined by quantitative real-time 
      PCR, FO had greater inhibition to methanogens than CO, but the opposite was true 
      for protozoal, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Fibrobacter succinogenes. 
      Ruminococcus albus was not affected by either oil. Denaturing gradient gel 
      electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles revealed that bacterial and archaeal community 
      composition were changed differently by oil type. Based on Pareto-Lorenz evenness 
      curve analysis of the DGGE profiles, CO noticeably changed the functional 
      organization of archaea compared with FO. In conclusion, although both CO and FO 
      decreased methane concentrations to a similar extent, the mode of reduction and 
      the effect on abundances and diversity of archaeal and bacterial populations 
      differed between the oils. Thus, the use of combination of CO and FO at a low 
      dose may additively lower methanogenesis in the rumen while having little adverse 
      effect on rumen fermentation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Patra, A K
AU  - Patra AK
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 42310, 
      USA.
FAU - Yu, Z
AU  - Yu Z
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130116
PL  - United States
TA  - J Dairy Sci
JT  - Journal of dairy science
JID - 2985126R
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile)
RN  - 0 (Fish Oils)
RN  - 0 (Plant Oils)
RN  - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
RN  - OP0UW79H66 (Methane)
RN  - Q9L0O73W7L (Coconut Oil)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Archaea/metabolism
MH  - Bacterial Load/veterinary
MH  - Carbon Dioxide/metabolism
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Coconut Oil
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Fermentation/*drug effects
MH  - Fish Oils/*pharmacology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Contents/chemistry/drug effects/microbiology
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Methane/*biosynthesis
MH  - Plant Oils/*pharmacology
MH  - Rumen/*drug effects/metabolism/microbiology
EDAT- 2013/01/22 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/24 06:00
CRDT- 2013/01/22 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/11/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/01/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-0302(13)00054-4 [pii]
AID - 10.3168/jds.2012-6159 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1782-92. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-6159. Epub 2013 Jan 
      16.