PMID- 23344033
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150831
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1422-0067 (Print)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Dec 21
TI  - Antitumor effects of rapamycin in pancreatic cancer cells by inducing apoptosis 
      and autophagy.
PG  - 273-85
LID - 10.3390/ijms14010273 [doi]
AB  - Rapamycin (Rapa), an inhibitor of mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR), is an 
      immunosuppressive agent that has anti-proliferative effects on some tumors. This 
      study aims to investigate the effects of Rapa suppressing proliferation of 
      pancreatic carcinoma PC-2 cells in vitro and its molecular mechanism involved in 
      antitumor activities. MTT assays showed that the inhibition of proliferation of 
      PC-2 cells in vitro was in a time- and dose-dependent manner. By using 
      transmission electron microscopy, apoptosis bodies and formation of abundant 
      autophagic vacuoles were observed in PC-2 cells after Rapa treatment. Flow 
      cytometry assays also showed Rapa had a positive effect on apoptosis. MDC 
      staining showed that the fluorescent density was higher and the number of 
      MDC-labeled particles in PC-2 cells was greater in the Rapa treatment group than 
      in the control group. RT-PCR revealed that the expression levels of p53, Bax and 
      Beclin 1 were up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that Beclin 1 
      was involved in Rapa induced autophagy and Rapa induced apoptosis as well as p53 
      up-regulation in PC-2 cells. The results demonstrated that Rapa could effectively 
      inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis and autophagy in PC-2 cells.
FAU - Dai, Zhi-Jun
AU  - Dai ZJ
AD  - Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an 
      Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China. dzj0911@126.com.
FAU - Gao, Jie
AU  - Gao J
FAU - Ma, Xiao-Bin
AU  - Ma XB
FAU - Kang, Hua-Feng
AU  - Kang HF
FAU - Wang, Bao-Feng
AU  - Wang BF
FAU - Lu, Wang-Feng
AU  - Lu WF
FAU - Lin, Shuai
AU  - Lin S
FAU - Wang, Xi-Jing
AU  - Wang XJ
FAU - Wu, Wen-Ying
AU  - Wu WY
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121221
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins)
RN  - 0 (BECN1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Beclin-1)
RN  - 0 (Membrane Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (bcl-2-Associated X Protein)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - I9N81SC5HD (monodansylcadaverine)
RN  - L90BEN6OLL (Cadaverine)
RN  - W36ZG6FT64 (Sirolimus)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Autophagy/*drug effects
MH  - Beclin-1
MH  - Cadaverine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Shape/drug effects
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - NIH 3T3 Cells
MH  - Pancreatic Neoplasms/*pathology/ultrastructure
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Sirolimus/*pharmacology
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Vacuoles/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics/metabolism
PMC - PMC3565263
EDAT- 2013/01/25 06:00
MHDA- 2013/01/25 06:01
PMCR- 2013/01/01
CRDT- 2013/01/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/11/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/12/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/12/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/01/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/01/25 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms14010273 [pii]
AID - ijms-14-00273 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms14010273 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2012 Dec 21;14(1):273-85. doi: 10.3390/ijms14010273.