PMID- 23353930
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130822
LR  - 20130307
IS  - 1873-3336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0304-3894 (Linking)
VI  - 248-249
DP  - 2013 Mar 15
TI  - Mesocosm study on weathering characteristics of Iranian Heavy crude oil with and 
      without dispersants.
PG  - 37-46
LID - S0304-3894(12)01218-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.050 [doi]
AB  - The environmental fate of Iranian Heavy crude oil (IHC) with and without an added 
      oil spill dispersant (OSD) has been studied using a 1000 kL capacity in situ 
      mesocosm. Physical weathering and chemical composition changes of the oil were 
      monitored for 77 days. Compound-specific effects of the OSD could be observed as 
      changes over time in the content of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), 
      unresolved complex mixture (UCM), alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 
      (PAHs), hopanes and steranes in the oil. As oil weathers, most hydrocarbons 
      showed a rapid decreasing phase followed by a slowdown and stabilization. 
      Recalcitrant biomarkers, however, showed a different trend. An increase in 
      hydrocarbon contents in the form of UCM occurred after OSD treatment. The 
      enhanced solubility of the low molecular weight PAHs by the OSD decreased the 
      half-life of the alkylated PAHs in the OD. After 77 days of exposure at the sea 
      surface, both the oils with and without the OSD exhibited moderate weathering. 
      Most of the source diagnostic indices maintained their source information, and 
      the weathering indices indicated that evaporation, dissolution, and dispersion 
      were the major weathering processes. The mass balance of the weathered oil was 
      calculated using laboratory and mesocosm data and the results demonstrate the 
      importance of using a mesocosm for the production of environmentally realistic 
      data.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Joo, Changkyu
AU  - Joo C
AD  - Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 
      656-834, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Shim, Won Joon
AU  - Shim WJ
FAU - Kim, Gi Beum
AU  - Kim GB
FAU - Ha, Sung Yong
AU  - Ha SY
FAU - Kim, Moonkoo
AU  - Kim M
FAU - An, Joon Geon
AU  - An JG
FAU - Kim, Eunsic
AU  - Kim E
FAU - Kim, Beom
AU  - Kim B
FAU - Jung, Seung Won
AU  - Jung SW
FAU - Kim, Young-Ok
AU  - Kim YO
FAU - Yim, Un Hyuk
AU  - Yim UH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130104
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Hazard Mater
JT  - Journal of hazardous materials
JID - 9422688
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Petroleum)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Hydrocarbons/*analysis
MH  - *Petroleum
MH  - Petroleum Pollution
MH  - Republic of Korea
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2013/01/29 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/24 06:00
CRDT- 2013/01/29 06:00
PHST- 2012/07/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/12/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/12/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/01/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0304-3894(12)01218-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.050 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Hazard Mater. 2013 Mar 15;248-249:37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.050. 
      Epub 2013 Jan 4.