PMID- 23356485
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150610
LR  - 20230708
IS  - 1865-1682 (Electronic)
IS  - 1865-1674 (Linking)
VI  - 61
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - Risk assessment of the introduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory 
      syndrome virus via boar semen into Switzerland as an example of a PRRSV-free 
      country.
PG  - 546-54
LID - 10.1111/tbed.12059 [doi]
AB  - Switzerland is currently porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 
      (PRRSV) free, but semen imports from PRRSV-infected European countries are 
      increasing. As the virus can be transmitted via semen, for example, when a free 
      boar stud becomes infected, and the risk of its import in terms of PRRSV 
      introduction is unknown, the annual probability to accidentally import the virus 
      into Switzerland was estimated in a risk assessment. A quantitative stochastic 
      model was set up with data comprised by import figures of 2010, interviews with 
      boar stud owners and expert opinion. It resulted in an annual median number of 
      0.18 imported ejaculates (= imported semen doses from one collection from one 
      donor) from PRRSV-infected boars. Hence, one infected ejaculate would be imported 
      every 6 years and infect a mean of 10 sows. These results suggest that under 
      current circumstances, there is a substantial risk of PRRSV introduction into 
      Switzerland via imported boar semen and that measures to enhance safety of 
      imports should be taken. The time from infection of a previously negative boar 
      stud to its detection had the highest impact on the number of imported 'positive' 
      ejaculates. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on PRRSV monitoring protocols in 
      boar studs. Results indicated that a substantial increase in safety could only be 
      achieved with much tighter sampling protocols than currently performed. 
      Generally, the model could easily be customized for other applications like other 
      countries or regions or even sow farms that want to estimate their risk when 
      purchasing semen from a particular boar stud.
CI  - (c) 2013 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
FAU - Nathues, C
AU  - Nathues C
AD  - Veterinary Public Health Institute, University of Berne, Liebefeld, Switzerland.
FAU - Zimmerli, U
AU  - Zimmerli U
FAU - Hauser, R
AU  - Hauser R
FAU - Nathues, H
AU  - Nathues H
FAU - Grosse Beilage, E
AU  - Grosse Beilage E
FAU - Schupbach-Regula, G
AU  - Schupbach-Regula G
LA  - eng
GR  - UL1 RR025752/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR000073/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR001064/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130129
PL  - Germany
TA  - Transbound Emerg Dis
JT  - Transboundary and emerging diseases
JID - 101319538
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Statistical
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & 
      control/transmission/*virology
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Semen/*virology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/prevention & control/transmission/*virology
MH  - Switzerland
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PRRS
OT  - import
OT  - monitoring systems
OT  - pig
OT  - risk analysis
OT  - stochastic model
EDAT- 2013/01/30 06:00
MHDA- 2015/06/11 06:00
CRDT- 2013/01/30 06:00
PHST- 2012/10/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/01/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/tbed.12059 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transbound Emerg Dis. 2014 Dec;61(6):546-54. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12059. Epub 2013 
      Jan 29.