PMID- 23368791
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130621
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1471-2431 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2431 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2013 Jan 31
TI  - High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children admitted with severe 
      pneumonia in Uganda.
PG  - 16
LID - 10.1186/1471-2431-13-16 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in children presenting with 
      severe pneumonia has previously been reported in South Africa. However, little is 
      known about TB among children with pneumonia in Uganda and other resource limited 
      countries. Moreover, TB is associated with high morbidity and mortality among 
      such children. We conducted this study to establish the burden of pulmonary TB in 
      children admitted with severe pneumonia in our setting. METHODS: A 
      cross-sectional study was conducted at Mulago, a National Referral and teaching 
      hospital in Uganda. Hospitalised children 2 months to 12 years of age with severe 
      pneumonia based on WHO case definition were enrolledfrom February to June 2011. 
      Children with a previous TB diagnosis or receiving anti-TB treatment were 
      excluded. Each child was screened for TB using Tuberculin skin test, Chest X-ray, 
      induced sputum samples and blood culture for mycobacterium. Sputum smears were 
      examined using fluorescent microscopy, and cultured on both Lowenstein Jensen 
      media (LJ) and Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT). RESULTS: Of the 270 
      children with severe pneumonia who were recruited over a 5-month period in 2011, 
      the incidence ratio of pulmonary TB in children admitted with severe pneumonia 
      was 18.9% (95% CI 14.6 - 23.9). The proportion of culture confirmed PTB was 6.3% 
      (95% CI 3.8 - 9.7). Age group under 1 year and 1 to 5 years (OR 2.8 (95% CI 1.7 - 
      7.4) and OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.05 - 5.9) respectively) were more likely to be 
      associated with pulmonary TB compared to those children over 5 years of age. A 
      history of TB smear positive contact was associated with pulmonary TB (OR 3.0 
      (95% CI 1.3-6.5). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high burden of pulmonary TB in children 
      admitted with severe pneumonia. These data highlight the need for TB screening in 
      children admitted with severe pneumonia so as to improve TB case finding and 
      child survival.
FAU - Nantongo, Josephine M
AU  - Nantongo JM
AD  - Directorate of Paediatrics & Child Health, Mulago National Referral Hospital, 
      Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Wobudeya, Eric
AU  - Wobudeya E
FAU - Mupere, Ezekiel
AU  - Mupere E
FAU - Joloba, Moses
AU  - Joloba M
FAU - Ssengooba, Willy
AU  - Ssengooba W
FAU - Kisembo, Harriet N
AU  - Kisembo HN
FAU - Lubega, Irene R
AU  - Lubega IR
FAU - Musoke, Philippa M
AU  - Musoke PM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130131
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Pediatr
JT  - BMC pediatrics
JID - 100967804
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Cost of Illness
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Hospitalization
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Infant
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - Pneumonia/*complications/therapy
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*complications/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Uganda
PMC - PMC3584903
EDAT- 2013/02/02 06:00
MHDA- 2013/06/25 06:00
PMCR- 2013/01/31
CRDT- 2013/02/02 06:00
PHST- 2012/08/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/06/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1471-2431-13-16 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1471-2431-13-16 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Pediatr. 2013 Jan 31;13:16. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-16.