PMID- 23380677
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130930
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1872-7549 (Electronic)
IS  - 0166-4328 (Linking)
VI  - 244
DP  - 2013 May 1
TI  - Is behavioral sensitization to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) mediated 
      in part by cholinergic receptors?
PG  - 116-9
LID - S0166-4328(13)00052-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.01.033 [doi]
AB  - Behavioral sensitization to the repeated administration of a psychostimulant 
      presumably plays a key role in the pathogenesis of addiction and schizophrenia. 
      Among other psychostimulants, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is known 
      to produce behavioral sensitization, too, but its mechanism of action is still 
      not fully understood. Along with the strong release of catecholamines and 
      serotonin, MDMA exerts actions at additional transmitter systems, including 
      acetylcholine (ACh). To identify the cholinergic involvement in the development 
      and expression of MDMA-induced sensitization, rats were treated daily with MDMA 
      (5.0 mg/kg), MDMA plus the muscarinic antagonist atropine (4.28 mg/kg), or MDMA 
      plus the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine (1.0 mg/kg) for 13 consecutive days. 
      The results show that atropine co-treatment was able to block the development of 
      behavioral sensitization to MDMA, measured as horizontal activity and rearing, 
      whereas mecamylamine did not. Pharmacological challenge with MDMA alone increased 
      the locomotion in all substance pretreated groups with the MDMA plus atropine 
      group showing the lowest values. The second challenge with MDMA plus atropine 
      showed a decrease in locomotor behavior in the MDMA- and an increase in the MDMA 
      plus atropine pretreated groups, resulting in similar levels of activity for both 
      groups. A control experiment revealed no change in horizontal activity and 
      rearing when only the cholinergic antagonists (atropine; mecamylamine) were 
      administered. This is the first study that shows a substantial role of muscarinic 
      receptors for the development of behavioral sensitization to MDMA.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lettfuss, Nadine Y
AU  - Lettfuss NY
AD  - Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Neurobiology, University of 
      Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28E, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany. nlettfuss@aol.com
FAU - Seeger-Armbruster, Sonja
AU  - Seeger-Armbruster S
FAU - von Ameln-Mayerhofer, Andreas
AU  - von Ameln-Mayerhofer A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130201
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Behav Brain Res
JT  - Behavioural brain research
JID - 8004872
RN  - 0 (Muscarinic Antagonists)
RN  - 0 (Nicotinic Antagonists)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Muscarinic)
RN  - 6EE945D3OK (Mecamylamine)
RN  - 7C0697DR9I (Atropine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Atropine/pharmacology
MH  - Central Nervous System Sensitization/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mecamylamine/pharmacology
MH  - Motor Activity/drug effects
MH  - Muscarinic Antagonists/*pharmacology
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology
MH  - Nicotinic Antagonists/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects/*physiology
EDAT- 2013/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2013/10/01 06:00
CRDT- 2013/02/06 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/01/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/10/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0166-4328(13)00052-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.01.033 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Behav Brain Res. 2013 May 1;244:116-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.01.033. Epub 2013 
      Feb 1.