PMID- 23381951
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140304
LR  - 20130624
IS  - 1552-4604 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-2700 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 7
DP  - 2013 Jul
TI  - Pharmacogenetics of allopurinol--making an old drug safer.
PG  - 675-9
LID - 10.1002/jcph.67 [doi]
AB  - Allopurinol is a drug that has been used for decades to lower serum urate levels 
      in patients with gout or chronic renal failure and in cancer patients undergoing 
      chemotherapy at risk of tumor lysis syndrome. Patients may develop cutaneous 
      hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from mild rashes to potentially fatal severe 
      cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) namely drug hypersensitivity syndrome, 
      Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Recent 
      studies have demonstrated the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) 
      B*58:01 allele and allopurinol-induced SCARs, which might explain ethnic 
      differences in their incidences. Genotyping is now required before starting 
      abacavir and carbamazepine so as to identify individuals susceptible to SJS. 
      However, no genetic screening is advocated before commencement of allopurinol. 
      The lack of availability of a rapid and inexpensive screening test for the 
      HLA-B*58:01 allele is one of the obstacles to such screening. Development of a 
      test that is quick, accurate, and cost-effective is warranted.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2013.
FAU - Lam, May P S
AU  - Lam MP
AD  - Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. maypslam@hku.hk
FAU - Yeung, Chi K
AU  - Yeung CK
FAU - Cheung, Bernard M Y
AU  - Cheung BM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130204
PL  - England
TA  - J Clin Pharmacol
JT  - Journal of clinical pharmacology
JID - 0366372
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 63CZ7GJN5I (Allopurinol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allopurinol/*adverse effects/immunology
MH  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*etiology/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Genotype
MH  - HLA Antigens/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pharmacogenetics/methods
MH  - Skin/drug effects/immunology
EDAT- 2013/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/05 06:00
CRDT- 2013/02/06 06:00
PHST- 2012/01/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/05/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/jcph.67 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;53(7):675-9. doi: 10.1002/jcph.67. Epub 2013 Feb 4.