PMID- 23398778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131028
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 125
DP  - 2013 Aug
TI  - Manila clams from Hg polluted sediments of Marano and Grado lagoons (Italy) 
      harbor detoxifying Hg resistant bacteria in soft tissues.
PG  - 188-96
LID - S0013-9351(12)00325-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2012.11.008 [doi]
AB  - A mechanism of mercury detoxification has been suggested by a previous study on 
      Hg bioaccumulation in Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) in the polluted 
      Marano and Grado lagoons and in this study we demonstrate that this event could 
      be partly related to the detoxifying activities of Hg-resistant bacteria (MRB) 
      harbored in clam soft tissues. Therefore, natural clams were collected in six 
      stations during two different periods (winter and spring) from Marano and Grado 
      Lagoons. Siphons, gills and hepatopancreas from acclimatized clams were sterile 
      dissected to isolate MRB. These anatomical parts were glass homogenized or used 
      for whole, and they were lying on a solid medium containing 5mgl(-1) HgCl2 and 
      incubated at 30 degrees C. A total of fourteen bacterial strains were isolated and were 
      identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and analysis, revealing that strains were 
      representative of eight bacterial genera, four of which were Gram-positive 
      (Enterococcus, Bacillus, Jeotgalicoccus and Staphylococcus) and other four were 
      Gram-negative (Stenotrophomonas, Vibrio, Raoultella and Enterobacter). Plasmids 
      and merA genes were found and their sequences determined. Fluorescence in situ 
      hybridization (FISH) technique shows the presence of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria 
      and Gammaproteobacteria by using different molecular probes in siphon and gills. 
      Bacterial clumps inside clam flesh were observed and even a Gram-negative 
      endosymbiont was disclosed by transmission electronic microscope inside clam 
      cells. Bacteria harbored in cavities of soft tissue have mercury detoxifying 
      activity. This feature was confirmed by the determination of mercuric reductase 
      in glass-homogenized siphons and gills.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Baldi, Franco
AU  - Baldi F
AD  - Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Ca Foscari University of 
      Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venice, Italy. baldi@unive.it
FAU - Gallo, Michele
AU  - Gallo M
FAU - Marchetto, Davide
AU  - Marchetto D
FAU - Faleri, Claudia
AU  - Faleri C
FAU - Maida, Isabel
AU  - Maida I
FAU - Fani, Renato
AU  - Fani R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130209
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
RN  - EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases)
RN  - EC 1.16.- (mercuric reductase)
RN  - FXS1BY2PGL (Mercury)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteria/*genetics
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Bivalvia/*metabolism/*microbiology
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - Computational Biology
MH  - DNA Primers/genetics
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/*genetics
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Geologic Sediments/analysis
MH  - Gills/metabolism/microbiology/ultrastructure
MH  - Hepatopancreas/metabolism/microbiology
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Italy
MH  - Mediterranean Sea
MH  - Mercury/analysis/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Oxidoreductases/genetics
MH  - *Phylogeny
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Clams
OT  - Hg detoxification
OT  - Hg-resistant bacteria
OT  - Lagoon
EDAT- 2013/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2013/10/29 06:00
CRDT- 2013/02/13 06:00
PHST- 2012/05/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/11/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/11/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/10/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(12)00325-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2012.11.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2013 Aug;125:188-96. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.11.008. Epub 2013 
      Feb 9.