PMID- 23413782
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130305
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1743-7075 (Print)
IS  - 1743-7075 (Electronic)
IS  - 1743-7075 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2013 Feb 15
TI  - n-3 PUFA added to high-fat diets affect differently adiposity and inflammation 
      when carried by phospholipids or triacylglycerols in mice.
PG  - 23
LID - 10.1186/1743-7075-10-23 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is primarily 
      recognized to protect against cardiovascular diseases, cognitive dysfunctions and 
      the onset of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. However, some of their 
      properties such as bioavailability can depend on their chemical carriers. The 
      objective of our study was to test the hypothesis that the nature of n-3 PUFA 
      carrier results in different metabolic effects related to adiposity, oxidative 
      stress and inflammation. METHODS: 4 groups of C57BL/6 mice were fed for 8 weeks 
      low fat (LF) diet or high-fat (HF, 20%) diets. Two groups of high-fat diets were 
      supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA either incorporated in the form of 
      phospholipids (HF-omega3PL) or triacylglycerols (HF-omega3TG). RESULTS: Both HF-omega3PL and 
      HF-omega3TG diets reduced the plasma concentrations of (i) inflammatory markers such 
      as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), (ii) 
      leptin and (iii) 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), a marker of n-6 PUFA-derived 
      oxidative stress compared with the control HF diet. Moreover, in both HF-omega3PL and 
      HF-omega3TG groups, MCP-1 and IL-6 gene expressions were decreased in epididymal 
      adipose tissue and the mRNA level of gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase 
      GPx2, an antioxidant enzyme, was decreased in the jejunum compared with the 
      control HF diet. The type of n-3 PUFA carrier affected other outcomes. The 
      phospholipid form of n-3 PUFA increased the level of tocopherols in epididymal 
      adipose tissue compared with HF-omega3TG and resulted in smaller adipocytes than the 
      two others HF groups. Adipocytes in the HF-omega3PL and LF groups were similar in 
      size distribution. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of mice diet with long-chain n-3 
      PUFA during long-term consumption of high-fat diets had the same lowering effects 
      on inflammation regardless of triacyglycerol or phospholipid carrier, whereas the 
      location of these fatty acids on a PL carrier had a major effect on decreasing 
      the size of adipocytes that was not observed with the triacyglycerol carrier. 
      Altogether, these results would support the development functional foods 
      containing LC n-3 PUFA in the form of PL in order to prevent some deleterious 
      outcomes associated with the development of obesity.
FAU - Awada, Manar
AU  - Awada M
AD  - INRA, U1362, CarMeN, Villeurbanne, F-69621, France. 
      marie-caroline.michalski@insa-lyon.fr.
FAU - Meynier, Anne
AU  - Meynier A
FAU - Soulage, Christophe O
AU  - Soulage CO
FAU - Hadji, Lilas
AU  - Hadji L
FAU - Geloen, Alain
AU  - Geloen A
FAU - Viau, Michele
AU  - Viau M
FAU - Ribourg, Lucie
AU  - Ribourg L
FAU - Benoit, Berengere
AU  - Benoit B
FAU - Debard, Cyrille
AU  - Debard C
FAU - Guichardant, Michel
AU  - Guichardant M
FAU - Lagarde, Michel
AU  - Lagarde M
FAU - Genot, Claude
AU  - Genot C
FAU - Michalski, Marie-Caroline
AU  - Michalski MC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130215
PL  - England
TA  - Nutr Metab (Lond)
JT  - Nutrition & metabolism
JID - 101231644
PMC - PMC3585798
EDAT- 2013/02/19 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/19 06:01
PMCR- 2013/02/15
CRDT- 2013/02/19 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/01/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/02/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1743-7075-10-23 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1743-7075-10-23 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutr Metab (Lond). 2013 Feb 15;10(1):23. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-23.