PMID- 23434043
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130913
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1879-2448 (Electronic)
IS  - 0043-1354 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 7
DP  - 2013 May 1
TI  - Attachment surface energy effects on nitrification and estrogen removal rates by 
      biofilms for improved wastewater treatment.
PG  - 2190-8
LID - S0043-1354(13)00066-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.036 [doi]
AB  - Submerged biofilm systems, such as integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) 
      and moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs), are increasingly being used for domestic 
      wastewater treatment, often to improve nitrification. Little is known about 
      whether and how biofilm attachment surface chemical properties affect treatment 
      performance, although surface chemistry is known to affect attachment in other 
      systems, and work with pure strains has suggested that attachment of nitrifying 
      bacteria may be enhanced on high surface energy surfaces. The objective of this 
      research was to systematically evaluate the effects of surface chemistry on 
      biofilm quantity and rates of nitrification and estrogen removal. Biofilms were 
      grown on four plastic attachment surfaces with a range of hydrophobicity and 
      surface energy values (nylon, melamine, high-density-polyethylene [HDPE], and 
      acetal polymeric plastic) by immersing them in a full scale nitrifying activated 
      sludge wastewater treatment system, followed by batch test experiments. The 
      attachment surface water contact angles ranged from 53 degrees  to 98 degrees  and surface 
      energies ranged from 48.9 to 20.9 mJ/m(2). Attachment surface hydrophilicity and 
      surface energy were positively correlated with total biomass attachment, with 
      more than twice as much biomass on the highest surface energy, most hydrophilic 
      surface (nylon) than on the lowest surface energy, least hydrophilic surface 
      (acetal plastic). Absolute and specific nitrification rates were also correlated 
      with hydrophilicity and surface energy (varying by factors of 5 and 2, 
      respectively), as were absolute and specific removal first order rate constants 
      of the hormones estrone (E1), beta-estradiol (E2) and 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2). 
      These results suggested that attachment surface chemistry may be a useful design 
      parameter for improving biofilm performance for removal of ammonia and endocrine 
      disrupting hormones from wastewater. Further research is required to verify these 
      results at longer time scales and with typical media geometries.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Khan, Mohiuddin Md Taimur
AU  - Khan MM
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 
      87131-0001, USA.
FAU - Chapman, Timothy
AU  - Chapman T
FAU - Cochran, Kristin
AU  - Cochran K
FAU - Schuler, Andrew J
AU  - Schuler AJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20130208
PL  - England
TA  - Water Res
JT  - Water research
JID - 0105072
RN  - 0 (Estrogens)
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
RN  - N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ammonia/isolation & purification
MH  - *Bacterial Adhesion
MH  - Biodegradation, Environmental
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - Biomass
MH  - Estrogens/*isolation & purification
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - *Nitrification
MH  - Nitrogen/metabolism
MH  - Plastics
MH  - Surface Properties
MH  - Thermodynamics
MH  - Wastewater/*microbiology
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification
MH  - Water Purification/*methods/*standards
EDAT- 2013/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2013/09/14 06:00
CRDT- 2013/02/26 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/01/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/01/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/02/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/09/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0043-1354(13)00066-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Res. 2013 May 1;47(7):2190-8. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.036. Epub 2013 
      Feb 8.