PMID- 23445935
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130813
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1471-2393 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2393 (Linking)
VI  - 13 Suppl 1
IP  - Suppl 1
DP  - 2013
TI  - Maternal circulating leukocytes display early chemotactic responsiveness during 
      late gestation.
PG  - S8
LID - 10.1186/1471-2393-13-S1-S8 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Parturition has been widely described as an immunological response; 
      however, it is unknown how this is triggered. We hypothesized that an early event 
      in parturition is an increased responsiveness of peripheral leukocytes to 
      chemotactic stimuli expressed by reproductive tissues, and this precedes 
      expression of tissue chemotactic activity, uterine activation and the systemic 
      progesterone/estradiol shift. METHODS: Tissues and blood were collected from 
      pregnant Long-Evans rats on gestational days (GD) 17, 20 and 22 (term gestation). 
      We employed a validated Boyden chamber assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real 
      time-polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: 
      We found that GD20 maternal peripheral leukocytes migrated more than those from 
      GD17 when these were tested with GD22 uterus and cervix extracts. Leukocytes on 
      GD20 also displayed a significant increase in chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 
      (Ccl2) gene expression and this correlated with an increase in peripheral 
      granulocyte proportions and a decrease in B cell and monocyte proportions. Tissue 
      chemotactic activity and specific chemokines (CCL2, chemokine (C-X-C motif) 
      ligand 1/CXCL1, and CXCL10) were mostly unchanged from GD17 to GD20 and increased 
      only on GD22. CXCL10 peaked on GD20 in cervical tissues. As expected, 
      prostaglandin F2alpha receptor and oxytocin receptor gene expression increased 
      dramatically between GD20 and 22. Progesterone concentrations fell and 
      estradiol-17beta concentrations increased in peripheral serum, cervical and uterine 
      tissue extracts between GD20 and 22. CONCLUSION: Maternal circulating leukocytes 
      display early chemotactic responsiveness, which leads to their infiltration into 
      the uterus where they may participate in the process of parturition.
FAU - Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy
AU  - Gomez-Lopez N
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of 
      Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada.
FAU - Tanaka, Satomi
AU  - Tanaka S
FAU - Zaeem, Zoya
AU  - Zaeem Z
FAU - Metz, Gerlinde A
AU  - Metz GA
FAU - Olson, David M
AU  - Olson DM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130131
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
JT  - BMC pregnancy and childbirth
JID - 100967799
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Oxytocin)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Prostaglandin)
RN  - 4G7DS2Q64Y (Progesterone)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cervix Uteri/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Chemokines/analysis/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/immunology/*physiology
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Estradiol/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Leukocytes/*metabolism
MH  - Parturition/blood/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy, Animal/*blood/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Progesterone/analysis
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Long-Evans
MH  - Receptors, Oxytocin/blood/genetics
MH  - Receptors, Prostaglandin/blood/genetics
PMC - PMC3561147
EDAT- 2013/03/06 06:00
MHDA- 2013/08/14 06:00
PMCR- 2013/01/31
CRDT- 2013/03/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/03/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/08/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1471-2393-13-S1-S8 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1471-2393-13-S1-S8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S8. doi: 
      10.1186/1471-2393-13-S1-S8. Epub 2013 Jan 31.