PMID- 23501585 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20131022 LR - 20130415 IS - 1873-3379 (Electronic) IS - 0891-4222 (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 5 DP - 2013 May TI - Prescription errors in older individuals with an intellectual disability: prevalence and risk factors in the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disability Study. PG - 1656-62 LID - S0891-4222(13)00063-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.005 [doi] AB - Prescribing pharmacotherapy for older individuals with an intellectual disability (ID) is a complex process, possibly leading to an increased risk of prescription errors. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the prevalence of older individuals with an intellectual disability with at least one prescription error and (2) to identify potential risk factors for these prescription errors (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), frailty index, level of intellectual disability and living situation). The study population consisted of 600 older (>/= 50 years) individuals with an ID using one or more drugs who were randomly selected from the study cohort of the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disability (HA-ID) Study. The medication used at the time of measurement was screened for errors by a hospital pharmacist/clinical pharmacologist and a Master's student pharmacy using consensus methodology. Participants with one or more prescription errors were compared to participants without prescription errors by multivariate logistic regression to identify potential risk factors. The prevalence of individuals with one or more prescription errors was 47.5% (285 of 600 individuals; 95% confidence interval (CI) 43-52%). Relevant errors, defined as errors that actually do require a change of pharmacotherapy, were identified in 26.8% of the individuals (161 of 600 individuals; 95% CI 23-30%). Higher age (adjusted odds ratio (OR adj) 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06), less severe intellectual disability (moderate: OR adj 0.48; 95% CI 0.31-0.74 and severe: OR adj 0.56; 95% CI 0.32-0.98), higher BMI (OR adj 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.08), higher frailty index (0.39-0.54: OR adj 2.4; 95% CI 1.21-4.77 and >/= 0.55: OR adj 3.4; 95% CI 1.03-11.02), polypharmacy (OR adj 8.06; 95% CI 5.59-11.62) and use of medicines acting on the central nervous system (OR adj 3.34; 95% CI 2.35-4.73) were independently associated with the occurrence of prescription errors. Interventions targeted to high risk patients should be designed and implemented to improve pharmacotherapy in older individuals with an intellectual disability. CI - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Zaal, Rianne J AU - Zaal RJ AD - Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. r.zaal@erasmusmc.nl FAU - van der Kaaij, Annemieke D M AU - van der Kaaij AD FAU - Evenhuis, Heleen M AU - Evenhuis HM FAU - van den Bemt, Patricia M L A AU - van den Bemt PM LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20130315 PL - United States TA - Res Dev Disabil JT - Research in developmental disabilities JID - 8709782 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aging MH - Body Mass Index MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Drug Prescriptions/*standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Intellectual Disability/*drug therapy/*epidemiology MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Medication Errors/*statistics & numerical data MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Pharmacy/*standards/statistics & numerical data MH - Polypharmacy MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2013/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2013/10/23 06:00 CRDT- 2013/03/19 06:00 PHST- 2012/11/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/01/31 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2013/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/03/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/10/23 06:00 [medline] AID - S0891-4222(13)00063-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Res Dev Disabil. 2013 May;34(5):1656-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.005. Epub 2013 Mar 15.