PMID- 23512124
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140428
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 3
DP  - 2013
TI  - Direct observation of ion distributions near electrodes in ionic polymer 
      actuators containing ionic liquids.
PG  - 973
LID - 10.1038/srep00973 [doi]
LID - 973
AB  - The recent boom of energy storage and conversion devices, exploiting ionic 
      liquids (ILs) to enhance the performance, requires an in-depth understanding of 
      this new class of electrolytes in device operation conditions. One central 
      question critical to device performance is how the mobile ions accumulate near 
      charged electrodes. Here, we present the excess ion depth profiles of ILs in 
      ionomer membrane actuators (Aquivion/1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride 
      (BMMI-Cl), 27 mum thick), characterized directly by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion 
      Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) at liquid nitrogen temperature. Experimental results 
      reveal that for the IL studied, cations and anions are accumulated at both 
      electrodes. The large difference in the total volume occupied by the excess ions 
      between the two electrodes cause the observed large bending actuation of the 
      actuator. Hence we demonstrate that ToF-SIMS experiment provides great insights 
      on the physics nature of ionic devices.
FAU - Liu, Yang
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University 
      Park, PA, USA.
FAU - Lu, Caiyan
AU  - Lu C
FAU - Twigg, Stephen
AU  - Twigg S
FAU - Ghaffari, Mehdi
AU  - Ghaffari M
FAU - Lin, Junhong
AU  - Lin J
FAU - Winograd, Nicholas
AU  - Winograd N
FAU - Zhang, Q M
AU  - Zhang QM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
PMC - PMC3603292
EDAT- 2013/03/21 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/21 06:01
PMCR- 2013/03/20
CRDT- 2013/03/21 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/02/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/03/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/03/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - srep00973 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/srep00973 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2013;3:973. doi: 10.1038/srep00973.