PMID- 23518766
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130625
LR  - 20130808
IS  - 1552-5783 (Electronic)
IS  - 0146-0404 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 4
DP  - 2013 Apr 26
TI  - Investigating the relationship between foveal morphology and refractive error in 
      a population with infantile nystagmus syndrome.
PG  - 2934-9
LID - 10.1167/iovs.12-11537 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: We explored associations between refractive error and foveal hypoplasia 
      in infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS). METHODS: We recruited 50 participants with 
      INS (albinism n = 33, nonalbinism infantile nystagmus [NAIN] n = 17) aged 4 to 48 
      years. Cycloplegic refractive error and logMAR acuity were obtained. Spherical 
      equivalent (SER), most ametropic meridian (MAM) refractive error, and better eye 
      acuity (VA) were used for analyses. High resolution spectral-domain optical 
      coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to obtain foveal scans, which were graded 
      using the Foveal Hypoplasia Grading Scale. Associations between grades of 
      severity of foveal hypoplasia, and refractive error and VA were explored. 
      RESULTS: Participants with more severe foveal hypoplasia had significantly higher 
      MAMs and SERs (Kruskal-Wallis H test P = 0.005 and P = 0.008, respectively). 
      There were no statistically significant associations between foveal hypoplasia 
      and cylindrical refractive error (Kruskal-Wallis H test P = 0.144). Analyses 
      demonstrated significant differences between participants with albinism or NAIN 
      in terms of SER and MAM (Mann-Whitney U test P = 0.001). There were no 
      statistically significant differences between astigmatic errors between 
      participants with albinism and NAIN. Controlling for the effects of albinism, 
      results demonstrated no significant associations between SER, and MAM and foveal 
      hypoplasia (partial correlation P > 0.05). Poorer visual acuity was associated 
      statistically significantly with more severe foveal hypoplasia (Kruskal-Wallis H 
      test P = 0.001) and with a diagnosis of albinism (Mann-Whitney U test P = 0.001). 
      CONCLUSIONS: Increasing severity of foveal hypoplasia is associated with poorer 
      VA, reflecting reduced cone density in INS. Individuals with INS also demonstrate 
      a significant association between more severe foveal hypoplasia and increasing 
      hyperopia. However, in the absence of albinism, there is no significant relation 
      between refractive outcome and degree of foveal hypoplasia, suggesting that 
      foveal maldevelopment in isolation does not impair significantly the 
      emmetropization process. It likely is that impaired emmetropization evidenced in 
      the albinism group may be attributed to the whole eye effect of albinism.
FAU - Healey, Natasha
AU  - Healey N
AD  - The University of Ulster, Vision Science Research Group, Coleraine, Northern 
      Ireland. healeynatasha@hotmail.com
FAU - McLoone, Eibhlin
AU  - McLoone E
FAU - Mahon, Gerald
AU  - Mahon G
FAU - Jackson, A Jonathan
AU  - Jackson AJ
FAU - Saunders, Kathryn J
AU  - Saunders KJ
FAU - McClelland, Julie F
AU  - McClelland JF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130426
PL  - United States
TA  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
JT  - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
JID - 7703701
SB  - IM
CIN - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Apr;54(4):2911-7. PMID: 23557739
CIN - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Apr;54(4):2940. PMID: 23625615
CIN - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun;54(6):4006. PMID: 23753799
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Albinism, Oculocutaneous/*complications
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Fovea Centralis/*abnormalities
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nystagmus, Congenital/*complications
MH  - Refractive Errors/*complications/diagnosis
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence
MH  - Visual Acuity
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2013/03/23 06:00
MHDA- 2013/06/26 06:00
CRDT- 2013/03/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/03/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/06/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - iovs.12-11537 [pii]
AID - 10.1167/iovs.12-11537 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Apr 26;54(4):2934-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-11537.