PMID- 2351900
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19900719
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 0125-2208 (Print)
IS  - 0125-2208 (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 2
DP  - 1990 Feb
TI  - In vitro activities of antimicrobial combination against Pseudomonas 
      pseudomallei.
PG  - 59-63
AB  - P pseudomallei infection was treated empirically with an antimicrobial 
      combination without hard evidence of a more favorable outcome over single drug 
      regimens. The so-called "conventional' agents, namely kanamycin (K), 
      chloramphenicol (C), doxycycline (D) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ/TMP) 
      are often combined. We determined the effects of the combination of these agents 
      by standard time-kill curve. Six combinations were tested, i.e. K and C, K and D, 
      K and SMZ/TMP, C and D, C and SMZ/TMP, and lastly, D and SMZ/TMP. Three recent 
      clinical isolates of P. pseudomallei were used. The antimicrobial concentration 
      in the combination selected was one-fourth of the minimal inhibiting 
      concentration (MIC). Colony counts were performed at times 0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 
      hours. The results were interpreted using standard definition, as synergistic, 
      additive and antagonistic effects. It was found that at time 0 to 6 hours, all of 
      the combinations only acted additively. At 24 hours, however, there were 3 
      effects observed. These were (1) synergistic effects for K and D, and C and D; 
      (2) additive effect for K and C, K and SMZ/TMP, and D and SMZ/TMP; and (3) 
      antagonistic effect for C and SMZ/TMP. None of the combinations showed rapid 
      killing rates. The results, although subjected to precautious extrapolation of in 
      vitro to in vivo situations, suggested that the combined regimens of 
      "conventional' drugs often acted additively, and none of these combinations 
      offered fast killing.
FAU - Aswapokee, N
AU  - Aswapokee N
AD  - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol 
      University, Bangkok, Thailand.
FAU - Pruksachatvuthi, S
AU  - Pruksachatvuthi S
FAU - Susaengrat, W
AU  - Susaengrat W
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Thailand
TA  - J Med Assoc Thai
JT  - Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet
JID - 7507216
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 8064-90-2 (Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Drug Evaluation
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination/pharmacology
MH  - Pseudomonas/*drug effects
MH  - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/*administration & 
      dosage/pharmacology
EDAT- 1990/02/01 00:00
MHDA- 1990/02/01 00:01
CRDT- 1990/02/01 00:00
PHST- 1990/02/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1990/02/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1990/02/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Med Assoc Thai. 1990 Feb;73(2):59-63.