PMID- 23540655
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140115
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1097-685X (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-5223 (Print)
IS  - 0022-5223 (Linking)
VI  - 146
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 Dec
TI  - Rodent brain slice model for the study of white matter injury.
PG  - 1526-1533.e1
LID - S0022-5223(13)00269-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.02.071 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Cerebral white matter (WM) injury is common after cardiac surgery in 
      neonates and young infants who have brain immaturity and genetic abnormalities. 
      To understand better the mechanisms associated with WM injury, we tested the 
      adequacy of a novel ex vivo brain slice model, with a particular focus on how the 
      maturational stage modulates the injury. METHODS: To replicate conditions of 
      cardiopulmonary bypass, we transferred living brain slices to a closed chamber 
      perfused by artificial cerebrospinal fluid under controlled temperature and 
      oxygenation. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) simulated circulatory arrest. The 
      effects of maturation were investigated in 7- and 21-day-old mice (P7, P21) that 
      are equivalent in maturation stage to the human fetus and young adult. RESULTS: 
      There were no morphologic changes in axons after 60 minutes of OGD at 15 degrees C in 
      both P7 WM and P21 WM. Higher temperature and longer duration of OGD were 
      associated with significantly greater WM axonal damage, suggesting that the model 
      replicates the injury seen after hypothermic circulatory arrest. The axonal 
      damage at P7 was significantly less than at P21, demonstrating that immature 
      axons are more resistant than mature axons. Conversely, a significant increase in 
      caspase3(+) oligodendrocytes in P7 mice was identified relative to P21, 
      indicating that oligodendrocytes in immature WM are more vulnerable than 
      oligodendrocytes in mature WM. CONCLUSIONS: Neuroprotective strategies for 
      immature WM may need to focus on reducing oligodendrocyte injury. The brain slice 
      model will be helpful in understanding the effects of cardiac surgery on the 
      immature brain and the brain with genetic abnormalities.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by 
      Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Murata, Akira
AU  - Murata A
AD  - Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 
      Washington, DC; Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical 
      Center, Washington, DC.
FAU - Agematsu, Kota
AU  - Agematsu K
FAU - Korotcova, Ludmila
AU  - Korotcova L
FAU - Gallo, Vittorio
AU  - Gallo V
FAU - Jonas, Richard A
AU  - Jonas RA
FAU - Ishibashi, Nobuyuki
AU  - Ishibashi N
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 NS062686/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 HD040677/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30HD040677/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01HL104173/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 NS0626860/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01NS045702/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL060922/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL104173/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS045702/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01HL060922/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20130327
PL  - United States
TA  - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
JT  - The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
JID - 0376343
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Luminescent Proteins)
RN  - 0 (enhanced green fluorescent protein)
RN  - 0 (yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria)
RN  - 147336-22-9 (Green Fluorescent Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Casp3 protein, rat)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Animals
MH  - Axons/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Brain/growth & development/metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Cardiopulmonary Bypass/*adverse effects
MH  - Caspase 3/metabolism
MH  - Cell Hypoxia
MH  - Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced/*adverse effects
MH  - Glucose/deficiency
MH  - Green Fluorescent Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Leukoencephalopathies/etiology/metabolism/*pathology/prevention & control
MH  - Luminescent Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Transgenic
MH  - Oligodendroglia/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Perfusion
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC3724768
MID - NIHMS451569
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 19
OT  - 20
OT  - 25
OT  - 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'phosphodiesterase
OT  - CHD
OT  - CNP
OT  - CPB
OT  - DHCA
OT  - OGD
OT  - PBS
OT  - WM
OT  - aCSF
OT  - artificial cerebrospinal fluid
OT  - cardiopulmonary bypass
OT  - congenital heart disease
OT  - deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
OT  - oxygen-glucose deprivation
OT  - phosphate-buffered saline
OT  - white matter
COIS- Conflict of Interest: None
EDAT- 2013/04/02 06:00
MHDA- 2014/01/16 06:00
PMCR- 2014/12/01
CRDT- 2013/04/02 06:00
PHST- 2012/12/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/02/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/02/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/04/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/04/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/01/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0022-5223(13)00269-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.02.071 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013 Dec;146(6):1526-1533.e1. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.02.071. Epub 2013 Mar 27.