PMID- 23628802
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140211
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1440-1711 (Electronic)
IS  - 0818-9641 (Linking)
VI  - 91
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 Jul
TI  - Regulation of TNF-alpha with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis.
PG  - 393-401
LID - 10.1038/icb.2013.15 [doi]
AB  - Cytokines and chemokines represent two important groups of proteins that control 
      the human immune system. Dysregulation of the network in which these 
      immunomodulators function can result in uncontrolled inflammation, leading to 
      various diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by chronic 
      inflammation and bone erosion. Potential triggers of RA include autoantibodies, 
      cytokines and chemokines. The tight regulation of cytokine and chemokine 
      production, and biological activity is important. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) 
      is abundantly present in RA patients' serum and the arthritic synovium. This 
      review, therefore, discusses first the role and regulation of the major 
      proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha, in particular the regulation of TNF-alpha production, 
      post-translational processing and signaling of TNF-alpha and its receptors. Owing to 
      the important role of TNF-alpha in RA, the TNF-alpha-producing cells and the dynamics of 
      its expression, the direct and indirect action of this cytokine and possible 
      biological therapy for RA are described.
FAU - Moelants, Eva A V
AU  - Moelants EA
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 
      Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
FAU - Mortier, Anneleen
AU  - Mortier A
FAU - Van Damme, Jo
AU  - Van Damme J
FAU - Proost, Paul
AU  - Proost P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130430
PL  - United States
TA  - Immunol Cell Biol
JT  - Immunology and cell biology
JID - 8706300
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*immunology/therapy
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunotherapy/*methods/trends
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*metabolism
MH  - Protein Processing, Post-Translational/immunology
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Synovial Membrane/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
EDAT- 2013/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2014/02/12 06:00
CRDT- 2013/05/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/03/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/02/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - icb201315 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/icb.2013.15 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Immunol Cell Biol. 2013 Jul;91(6):393-401. doi: 10.1038/icb.2013.15. Epub 2013 
      Apr 30.