PMID- 23647833
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140324
LR  - 20130614
IS  - 1872-7646 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-9457 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Jun
TI  - The effectiveness of voluntary modifications of gait pattern to reduce the knee 
      adduction moment.
PG  - 412-24
LID - S0167-9457(12)00034-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.humov.2012.02.009 [doi]
AB  - It has been suggested to use gait modifications in the retraining of patients 
      with knee osteoarthritis (OA), in order to reduce the external knee adduction 
      moment (KAdM). This study focused on the effect of walking speed, foot position 
      and trunk sway, and on the 3D knee moments. Gait analyses of fourteen healthy 
      volunteers were performed in a gait laboratory. Subjects walked at three 
      different speeds in their normal gait pattern, as well as with toe-in and toe-out 
      gait and with medio-lateral trunk sway at a self-selected speed. Fast walking 
      speed increased the KAdM (17-30%) and flexion moment (32%). A slower walking 
      speed did not decrease the KAdM. Toe-in mainly decreased the KAdM (45%) and the 
      transverse moment (38%) during early stance. Toe-out decreased the KAdM during 
      late stance (56%), but increased the KAdM during early stance and midstance 
      (21-24%), due to decreased endorotation of the hip with knee flexion. Trunk sway 
      decreased the KAdM during early stance and midstance (31-33%). Gait modifications 
      mainly affected the KAdM, but changes in sagittal and transverse knee moments and 
      kinematics were also observed. This indicates that, when estimating knee load, 
      taking only the frontal plane kinetics into consideration may lead to erroneous 
      simplifications. No conclusive beneficial effects were found in any of the gait 
      modifications throughout the entire stance phase.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - van den Noort, Josien C
AU  - van den Noort JC
AD  - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute MOVE, VU University 
      Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.vandennoort@vumc.nl
FAU - Schaffers, Ilse
AU  - Schaffers I
FAU - Snijders, Jasper
AU  - Snijders J
FAU - Harlaar, Jaap
AU  - Harlaar J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130504
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Hum Mov Sci
JT  - Human movement science
JID - 8300127
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gait/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kinesthesis/physiology
MH  - Knee Joint/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology
MH  - Range of Motion, Articular/physiology
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Torque
MH  - Volition/*physiology
MH  - Weight-Bearing/*physiology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2013/05/08 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2013/05/08 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/02/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0167-9457(12)00034-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.humov.2012.02.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Mov Sci. 2013 Jun;32(3):412-24. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2012.02.009. Epub 2013 
      May 4.