PMID- 23667582
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131217
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 5
DP  - 2013
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and hypocretin-1 (HCRT-1, 
      orexin-A) in Alzheimer's disease.
PG  - e63136
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0063136 [doi]
LID - e63136
AB  - Ancillary to decline in cognitive abilities, patients with Alzheimer's disease 
      (AD) frequently suffer from behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia 
      (BPSD). Hypothalamic polypeptides such as melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and 
      hypocretin-1 (HCRT-1, orexin-A) are promoters of sleep-wake regulation and energy 
      homeostasis and are found to impact on cognitive performance. To investigate the 
      role of MCH and HCRT-1 in AD, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels were measured in 
      33 patients with AD and 33 healthy subjects (HS) using a fluorescence immunoassay 
      (FIA). A significant main effect of diagnosis (F(1,62) = 8.490, p<0.01) on MCH 
      levels was found between AD (93.76+/-13.47 pg/mL) and HS (84.65+/-11.40 pg/mL). MCH 
      correlated with T-tau (r = 0.47; p<0.01) and P-tau (r = 0.404; p<0.05) in the AD 
      but not in the HS. CSF-MCH correlated negatively with MMSE scores in the AD 
      (r = -0.362, p<0.05) and was increased in more severely affected patients 
      (MMSE</=20) compared to HS (p<0.001) and BPSD-positive patients compared to HS 
      (p<0.05). In CSF-HCRT-1, a significant main effect of sex (F(1,31) = 4.400, 
      p<0.05) with elevated levels in females (90.93+/-17.37 pg/mL vs. 82.73+/-15.39 pg/mL) 
      was found whereas diagnosis and the sex*diagnosis interaction were not 
      significant. Elevated levels of MCH in patients suffering from AD and correlation 
      with Tau and severity of cognitive impairment point towards an impact of MCH in 
      AD. Gender differences of CSF-HCRT-1 controversially portend a previously 
      reported gender dependence of HCRT-1-regulation. Histochemical and actigraphic 
      explorations are warranted to further elucidate alterations of hypothalamic 
      transmitter regulation in AD.
FAU - Schmidt, Frank M
AU  - Schmidt FM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, 
      Germany. frank.schmidt2@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
FAU - Kratzsch, Juergen
AU  - Kratzsch J
FAU - Gertz, Hermann-Josef
AU  - Gertz HJ
FAU - Tittmann, Mandy
AU  - Tittmann M
FAU - Jahn, Ina
AU  - Jahn I
FAU - Pietsch, Uta-Carolin
AU  - Pietsch UC
FAU - Kaisers, Udo X
AU  - Kaisers UX
FAU - Thiery, Joachim
AU  - Thiery J
FAU - Hegerl, Ulrich
AU  - Hegerl U
FAU - Schonknecht, Peter
AU  - Schonknecht P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130507
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (HCRT protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Hypothalamic Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Melanins)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - 0 (Orexins)
RN  - 0 (Pituitary Hormones)
RN  - 67382-96-1 (melanin-concentrating hormone)
SB  - IM
EIN - PLoS One. 2013;8(6). doi:10.1371/annotation/7a79c40c-c1c2-41eb-a894-614c12e8c056
MH  - Aged
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypothalamic Hormones/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Male
MH  - Melanins/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Neuropeptides/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Orexins
MH  - Pituitary Hormones/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Sex Characteristics
PMC - PMC3646736
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2013/05/15 06:00
MHDA- 2013/12/18 06:00
PMCR- 2013/05/07
CRDT- 2013/05/14 06:00
PHST- 2013/02/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-06276 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0063136 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2013 May 7;8(5):e63136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063136. Print 2013.