PMID- 23668534
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150512
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1463-1326 (Electronic)
IS  - 1462-8902 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Feb
TI  - Combination therapy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and metformin in type 2 
      diabetes: rationale and evidence.
PG  - 111-7
LID - 10.1111/dom.12128 [doi]
AB  - The main pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes insulin 
      resistance and pancreatic islet dysfunction. Metformin, which attenuates insulin 
      resistance, has been recommended as the first-line antidiabetic medication. 
      Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are novel oral hypoglycaemic agents 
      that protect glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from degradation, maintain the 
      bioactivity of endogenous GLP-1, and thus improve islet dysfunction. Results from 
      clinical trials have shown that the combination therapy of DPP-4 inhibitors and 
      metformin [as an add-on, an initial combination or a fixed-dose combination 
      (FDC)] provides excellent efficacy and safety in patients with T2DM. Moreover, 
      recent studies have suggested that metformin enhances the biological effect of 
      GLP-1 by increasing GLP-1 secretion, suppressing activity of DPP-4 and 
      upregulating the expression of GLP-1 receptor in pancreatic beta-cells. Conversely, 
      DPP-4 inhibitors have a favourable effect on insulin sensitivity in patients with 
      T2DM. Therefore, the combination of DPP-4 inhibitors and metformin provides an 
      additive or even synergistic effect on metabolic control in patients with T2DM. 
      This article provides an overview of clinical evidence and discusses the 
      rationale for the combination therapy of DPP-4 inhibitors and metformin.
CI  - (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Liu, Y
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, 
      Beijing, China.
FAU - Hong, T
AU  - Hong T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130603
PL  - England
TA  - Diabetes Obes Metab
JT  - Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
JID - 100883645
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/*drug effects
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*drug therapy
MH  - Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/*therapeutic use
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination
MH  - Evidence-Based Medicine
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Insulin-Secreting Cells/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Metformin/*therapeutic use
MH  - Multicenter Studies as Topic
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
OT  - glucagon-like peptide-1
OT  - metformin
OT  - type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2013/05/15 06:00
MHDA- 2015/05/13 06:00
CRDT- 2013/05/15 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/02/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/05/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/05/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/dom.12128 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014 Feb;16(2):111-7. doi: 10.1111/dom.12128. Epub 2013 Jun 
      3.