PMID- 23685315
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140102
LR  - 20130614
IS  - 1873-4235 (Electronic)
IS  - 0956-5663 (Linking)
VI  - 48
DP  - 2013 Oct 15
TI  - Toward embedded laboratory automation for smart Lab-on-a-Chip embryo arrays.
PG  - 188-96
LID - S0956-5663(13)00299-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.033 [doi]
AB  - Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) biomicrofluidic technologies are rapidly emerging 
      bioanalytical tools that can miniaturize and revolutionize in situ research on 
      embryos of small vertebrate model organisms such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) and 
      clawed African frog (Xenopus laevis). Despite considerable progress being made in 
      fabrication techniques of chip-based devices, they usually still require 
      excessive and manual actuation and data acquisition that significantly reduce 
      throughput and introduce operator-related analytical bias. This work describes 
      the development of a proof-of-concept embedded platform that integrates an 
      innovative LOC zebrafish embryo array technology with an electronic interface to 
      provide higher levels of laboratory automation for in situ biotests. The 
      integrated platform was designed to perform automatic immobilization, culture and 
      treatment of developing zebrafish embryos during fish embryo toxicity (FET) 
      biotests. The system was equipped with a stepper motor driven stage, 
      solenoid-actuated pinch valves, miniaturized peristaltic pumps as well as Peltier 
      heating module. Furthermore, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was used to 
      implement an embedded hardware/software solution and interface to enable 
      real-time control over embryo loading and immobilization; accurate microfluidic 
      flow control; temperature stabilization and also automatic time-resolved image 
      acquisition of developing zebrafish embryos. This work presents evidence that 
      integration of embedded electronic interfaces with microfluidic chip-based 
      technologies can bring the Lab-on-a-Chip a step closer to fully automated 
      analytical systems.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Kevin I-Kai
AU  - Wang KI
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Auckland, 
      Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Salcic, Zoran
AU  - Salcic Z
FAU - Yeh, Johnny
AU  - Yeh J
FAU - Akagi, Jin
AU  - Akagi J
FAU - Zhu, Feng
AU  - Zhu F
FAU - Hall, Chris J
AU  - Hall CJ
FAU - Crosier, Kathryn E
AU  - Crosier KE
FAU - Crosier, Philip S
AU  - Crosier PS
FAU - Wlodkowic, Donald
AU  - Wlodkowic D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130430
PL  - England
TA  - Biosens Bioelectron
JT  - Biosensors & bioelectronics
JID - 9001289
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - *Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
MH  - Tissue Array Analysis/*instrumentation
MH  - Tissue Culture Techniques/instrumentation
MH  - Toxicity Tests/*instrumentation
MH  - Zebrafish/*embryology
EDAT- 2013/05/21 06:00
MHDA- 2014/01/03 06:00
CRDT- 2013/05/21 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/04/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/04/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/01/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0956-5663(13)00299-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.033 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biosens Bioelectron. 2013 Oct 15;48:188-96. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.033. Epub 
      2013 Apr 30.