PMID- 23711462
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131129
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 May 27
TI  - Magnetic resonance imaging of ischemia viability thresholds and the neurovascular 
      unit.
PG  - 6981-7003
LID - 10.3390/s130606981 [doi]
AB  - Neuroimaging has improved our understanding of the evolution of stroke at 
      discreet time points helping to identify irreversibly damaged and potentially 
      reversible ischemic brain. Neuroimaging has also contributed considerably to the 
      basic premise of acute stroke therapy which is to salvage some portion of the 
      ischemic region from evolving into infarction, and by doing so, maintaining brain 
      function and improving outcome. The term neurovascular unit (NVU) broadens the 
      concept of the ischemic penumbra by linking the microcirculation with 
      neuronal-glial interactions during ischemia reperfusion. Strategies that attempt 
      to preserve the individual components (endothelium, glia and neurons) of the NVU 
      are unlikely to be helpful if blood flow is not fully restored to the 
      microcirculation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the foremost imaging 
      technology able to bridge both basic science and the clinic via non-invasive real 
      time high-resolution anatomical delineation of disease manifestations at the 
      molecular and ionic level. Current MRI based technologies have focused on the 
      mismatch between perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion weighted imaging 
      (DWI) signals to estimate the tissue that could be saved if reperfusion was 
      achieved. Future directions of MRI may focus on the discordance of recanalization 
      and reperfusion, providing complimentary pathophysiological information to 
      current compartmental paradigms of infarct core (DWI) and penumbra (PWI) with 
      imaging information related to cerebral blood flow, BBB permeability, 
      inflammation, and oedema formation in the early acute phase. In this review we 
      outline advances in our understanding of stroke pathophysiology with imaging, 
      transcending animal stroke models to human stroke, and describing the potential 
      translation of MRI to image important interactions relevant to acute stroke at 
      the interface of the neurovascular unit.
FAU - Barber, Philip A
AU  - Barber PA
AD  - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. 
      pabarber@ucalgary.ca
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130527
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
RN  - 0 (Contrast Media)
RN  - 0 (Magnetite Nanoparticles)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
MH  - Contrast Media/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Ischemia/*diagnostic imaging/physiopathology
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Magnetite Nanoparticles/chemistry
MH  - Radiography
MH  - Stroke/*diagnostic imaging/physiopathology
PMC - PMC3715273
EDAT- 2013/05/29 06:00
MHDA- 2013/12/16 06:00
PMCR- 2013/06/01
CRDT- 2013/05/29 06:00
PHST- 2013/02/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/05/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/05/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/05/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/05/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/12/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s130606981 [pii]
AID - sensors-13-06981 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s130606981 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2013 May 27;13(6):6981-7003. doi: 10.3390/s130606981.