PMID- 23731897
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140508
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1532-8384 (Electronic)
IS  - 0010-440X (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 7
DP  - 2013 Oct
TI  - Validation of a functional remission threshold for the Functional Remission of 
      General Schizophrenia (FROGS) scale.
PG  - 1016-22
LID - S0010-440X(13)00100-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.04.008 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a functional remission threshold 
      for the Functional Remission Of General Schizophrenia (FROGS) scale, and test its 
      validity regarding clinical and quality of life outcomes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional 
      study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Schizophrenia according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. DATA 
      COLLECTION: Functioning was assessed using the FROGS and the Global Assessment of 
      Functioning (GAF) scales; psychotic symptoms using the Positive and Negative 
      Syndrome Scale; memory, attention, and executive functions were assessed using 
      the California Verbal Learning Test, the D2 attention task, the Stroop color-word 
      test, the verbal fluency test, the Trail Making Test A and B and the Wechsler 
      Adult Intelligence Scale; and quality of life using the schizophrenia quality of 
      life (S-QoL 18) scale. ANALYSIS: A logistic regression analysis including the 
      different dimensions of the FROGS was used to create a composite score to 
      classify patients into remitted and non-remitted according a gold standard 
      (cut-off: GAF>= 61). Receiver operating characteristics analyses were then 
      performed to determine the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Of 137 patients 
      enrolled, 26 were functionally remitted and 111 were not remitted according to 
      GAF score. The AUC for the combination of the FROGS's dimensions to detect 
      functional remission was 0.903 (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity for the 
      combination of the FROGS dimensions using the Youden index were 88.5 [69.8; 97.6] 
      and 81.1 [72.5; 87.9], respectively. Validity of this combination was 
      satisfactory. Patients in functional remission had a lower severity of the 
      disease, especially for PANSS negative (p<0.001) and general psychopathology 
      (p<0.001) symptoms. Only two cognitive functions (i.e. fluency and episodic 
      memory) were improved in remitted patients. Higher quality of life levels were 
      globally associated with better functioning. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide 
      for first accurate FROGS thresholds to detect functional remission in 
      schizophrenia.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Boyer, Laurent
AU  - Boyer L
AD  - Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279-Public Health, Chronic Diseases and Quality of 
      Life-Research Unit, 13005 Marseille, France. Electronic address: 
      laurent.boyer@ap-hm.fr.
FAU - Richieri, Raphaelle
AU  - Richieri R
FAU - Guedj, Eric
AU  - Guedj E
FAU - Faget-Agius, Catherine
AU  - Faget-Agius C
FAU - Loundou, Anderson
AU  - Loundou A
FAU - Llorca, Pierre-Michel
AU  - Llorca PM
FAU - Auquier, Pascal
AU  - Auquier P
FAU - Lancon, Christophe
AU  - Lancon C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20130531
PL  - United States
TA  - Compr Psychiatry
JT  - Comprehensive psychiatry
JID - 0372612
SB  - IM
MH  - Activities of Daily Living
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Executive Function
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Outcome Assessment, Health Care
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - *Quality of Life
MH  - Remission Induction
MH  - Schizophrenia/*therapy
MH  - *Schizophrenic Psychology
MH  - Treatment Outcome
EDAT- 2013/06/05 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/09 06:00
CRDT- 2013/06/05 06:00
PHST- 2013/02/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/04/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/04/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0010-440X(13)00100-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.04.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Compr Psychiatry. 2013 Oct;54(7):1016-22. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.04.008. 
      Epub 2013 May 31.