PMID- 23740773
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140728
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1532-2149 (Electronic)
IS  - 1090-3801 (Print)
IS  - 1090-3801 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels are involved 
      in delta-opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle.
PG  - 29-38
LID - 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although the efficacy of peripherally administered opioid has been 
      demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies, the underlying mechanisms of 
      its anti-hyperalgesic effects are poorly understood. G protein-coupled inwardly 
      rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are linked to opioid receptors in the brain. 
      However, the role of peripheral GIRK channels in analgesia induced by 
      peripherally administered opioid, especially in trigeminal system, is not clear. 
      METHODS: Expression of GIRK subunits in rat trigeminal ganglia (TG) was examined 
      with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and 
      immunohistochemistry. Chemical profiles of GIRK-expressing neurons in TG were 
      further characterized. Behavioural and Fos experiments were performed to examine 
      the functional involvement of GIRK channels in delta-opioid receptor (DOR)-mediated 
      anti-hyperalgesia under an acute myositis condition. RESULTS: TG expressed mRNA 
      and proteins for GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits. Majority of GIRK1- and 
      GIRK2-expressing neurons were non-peptidergic afferents. Inhibition of peripheral 
      GIRK using Tertiapin-Q (TPQ) attenuated antinociceptive effects of peripherally 
      administered DOR agonist, [D-Pen(2), D-Pen(6) ]-enkephalin (DPDPE), on mechanical 
      hypersensitivity in masseter muscle. Furthermore, TPQ attenuated the suppressive 
      effects of peripheral DPDPE on neuronal activation in the subnucleus caudalis of 
      the trigeminal nucleus (Vc) following masseteric injection of capsaicin. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that peripheral DOR agonist-induced suppression of 
      mechanical hypersensitivity in the masseter muscle involves the activity of 
      peripheral GIRK channels. These results could provide a rationale for developing 
      a novel therapeutic approach using peripheral GIRK channel openers to mimic or 
      supplement the effects of peripheral opioid agonist.
CI  - (c) 2013 European Pain Federation - EFIC(R)
FAU - Chung, M-K
AU  - Chung MK
AD  - Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of 
      Dentistry, Baltimore, USA.
FAU - Cho, Y S
AU  - Cho YS
FAU - Bae, Y C
AU  - Bae YC
FAU - Lee, J
AU  - Lee J
FAU - Zhang, X
AU  - Zhang X
FAU - Ro, J Y
AU  - Ro JY
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DE016062/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DE019448/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DE019448/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20130606
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Pain
JT  - European journal of pain (London, England)
JID - 9801774
RN  - 0 (Analgesics, Opioid)
RN  - 0 (G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels)
RN  - 0 (Kcnj6 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Opioid, delta)
RN  - 0 (Sensory System Agents)
RN  - 88373-73-3 (Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-)
RN  - S07O44R1ZM (Capsaicin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Animal/physiology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Brain Stem/cytology/drug effects
MH  - Capsaicin/pharmacology
MH  - Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
MH  - G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Genes, fos
MH  - Hyperalgesia/*physiopathology
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Masseter Muscle/*physiopathology
MH  - Physical Stimulation
MH  - RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Receptors, Opioid, delta/*physiology
MH  - Sensory System Agents/pharmacology
MH  - Trigeminal Ganglion/cytology/drug effects/physiology
PMC - PMC4153343
MID - NIHMS516366
COIS- Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest to declare.
EDAT- 2013/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/30 06:00
PMCR- 2015/01/01
CRDT- 2013/06/07 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Pain. 2014 Jan;18(1):29-38. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x. Epub 
      2013 Jun 6.