PMID- 23741144
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130607
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 0975-1475 (Print)
IS  - 0975-2137 (Electronic)
IS  - 0975-1475 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Jul
TI  - Determination of sex by exfoliative cytology using acridine orange confocal 
      microscopy: A short study.
PG  - 66-9
LID - 10.4103/0975-1475.109887 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: Establishing individuality is an imperative aspect in any investigation 
      procedure. Sometimes, in identifying an individual, it becomes necessary to 
      determine the sex of that particular individual. Combining rapidity with 
      reliability, an innovative idea has been put forward using a confocal microscope 
      in exfoliative cytology. In the present study, we have determined the sex of the 
      individual from buccal mucosal scrapings. The exfoliative cells were observed for 
      Barr bodies under a confocal microscope, and the percentage of Barr-body-positive 
      cells was determined. AIMS: The main objective of this study is to assess 
      confocal microscopy for the determination of sex by observing Barr bodies in the 
      exfoliative cells of both men and women. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Samples of buccal 
      mucosa smears were made followed by acridine orange staining. The stained slides 
      were observed under a confocal microscope and the data obtained was subjected for 
      statistical analysis, especially for mean and standard deviation. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: Samples of buccal mucosa smears from 20 men and 20 women were obtained 
      by scraping with flat wooden sticks (exfoliative cytology). The smears were fixed 
      in 100% alcohol for 15 min, followed by acridine orange (AO) staining as 
      described by Von Bertalanffy et al. Smears stained with AO were examined under a 
      confocal microscope and the percentage of Barr-body-positive cells was 
      determined. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data obtained was subjected for 
      statistical analysis, especially for mean and standard deviation. RESULTS: Two 
      non-overlapping ranges for the percentage of Barr-body-positive cells have been 
      obtained for men and women. It was observed that in the male samples, the 
      percentage of Barr-body-positive cells ranged from 0-3%. In the female samples, 
      the percentage of Barr-body-positive cells ranged from 18-72%, and all the 
      females showed the presence of Barr bodies. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the 
      presence of Barr body in buccal mucosal cells can be demonstrated with a fair 
      degree of accuracy using acridine orange confocal microscopy. The sex of the 
      individual can be determined accurately with other advantages offered, such as 
      the rapidity of processing and screening a specimen that results in saving of 
      time.
FAU - Reddy, D Shyam Prasad
AU  - Reddy DS
AD  - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental 
      Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India.
FAU - Sherlin, Herald J
AU  - Sherlin HJ
FAU - Ramani, Pratibha
AU  - Ramani P
FAU - Prakash, P Ajay
AU  - Prakash PA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - India
TA  - J Forensic Dent Sci
JT  - Journal of forensic dental sciences
JID - 101547241
PMC - PMC3669479
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acridine orange staining
OT  - Barr body
OT  - confocal microscope
OT  - exfoliative cytology
OT  - sex determination
COIS- Conflict of Interest: None declared
EDAT- 2013/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2013/06/07 06:01
PMCR- 2012/07/01
CRDT- 2013/06/07 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/06/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2012/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JFDS-4-66 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/0975-1475.109887 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Forensic Dent Sci. 2012 Jul;4(2):66-9. doi: 10.4103/0975-1475.109887.