PMID- 23756151
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140305
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 1095-6840 (Electronic)
IS  - 0016-6480 (Linking)
VI  - 190
DP  - 2013 Sep 1
TI  - Reproductive neuropeptides: prevalence of GnRH and KNDy neural signalling 
      components in a model avian, gallus gallus.
PG  - 134-43
LID - S0016-6480(13)00256-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.05.018 [doi]
AB  - Diverse external and internal environmental factors are integrated in the 
      hypothalamus to regulate the reproductive system. This is mediated through the 
      pulsatile secretion of GnRH into the portal system to stimulate pituitary 
      gonadotrophin secretion, which in turn regulates gonadal function. A single 
      subpopulation of neurones termed 'KNDy neurones' located in the hypothalamic 
      arcuate nucleus co-localise kisspeptin (Kiss), neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin 
      (Dyn) and are responsive to negative feedback effects of sex steroids. The 
      co-ordinated secretion from KNDy neurones appears to modulate the pulsatile 
      release of GnRH, acting as a proximate pacemaker. This review briefly describes 
      the neuropeptidergic control of reproduction in the avian class, highlighting the 
      status of reproductive neuropeptide signalling systems homologous to those found 
      in mammalian genomes. Genes encoding the GnRH system are complete in the chicken 
      with similar roles to the mammalian counterparts, whereas genes encoding Kiss 
      signalling components appear missing in the avian lineage, indicating a differing 
      set of hypothalamic signals controlling avian reproduction. Gene sequences 
      encoding both NKB and Dyn signalling components are present in the chicken 
      genome, but expression analysis and functional studies remain to be completed. 
      The focus of this article is to describe the avian complement of neuropeptidergic 
      reproductive hormones and provide insights into the putative mechanisms that 
      regulate reproduction in birds. These postulations highlight differences in 
      reproductive strategies of birds in terms of gonadal steroid feedback systems, 
      integration of metabolic signals and seasonality. Also included are propositions 
      of KNDy neuropeptide gene silencing and plasticity in utilisation of these 
      neuropeptides during avian evolution.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Joseph, Nerine T
AU  - Joseph NT
AD  - Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, 
      Canada. njoseph@uoguelph.ca
FAU - Tello, Javier A
AU  - Tello JA
FAU - Bedecarrats, Gregoy Y
AU  - Bedecarrats GY
FAU - Millar, Robert P
AU  - Millar RP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130610
PL  - United States
TA  - Gen Comp Endocrinol
JT  - General and comparative endocrinology
JID - 0370735
RN  - 0 (Kisspeptins)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)
RN  - 74913-18-1 (Dynorphins)
RN  - 86933-75-7 (Neurokinin B)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism
MH  - Chickens/*metabolism
MH  - Dynorphins/metabolism
MH  - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism
MH  - Kisspeptins/metabolism
MH  - Neurokinin B/metabolism
MH  - Neuropeptides/*metabolism
MH  - Reproduction/*physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ARC
OT  - Avian
OT  - Dyn
OT  - ERalpha
OT  - FSH
OT  - GnIH
OT  - GnRH
OT  - KNDy neurone
OT  - Kiss
OT  - LH
OT  - MC4R
OT  - NKB
OT  - NPY
OT  - Neuropeptides
OT  - POMC
OT  - PR
OT  - Reproduction
OT  - arcuate nucleus
OT  - dynorphin
OT  - follicle stimulation hormone
OT  - gonadotrophin inhibitory hormone
OT  - gonadotrophin releasing hormone
OT  - kisspeptin
OT  - luteinising hormone
OT  - melanocortin 4 receptor
OT  - neurokinin B
OT  - neuropeptide Y
OT  - oestrogen receptor alpha
OT  - pro-opiomelanocortin
OT  - progesterone receptor
EDAT- 2013/06/13 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/07 06:00
CRDT- 2013/06/13 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/05/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/05/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0016-6480(13)00256-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.05.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2013 Sep 1;190:134-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.05.018. 
      Epub 2013 Jun 10.